23 Negative Refraction in Infrared and Visible Domains文稿

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1、FilippoCapolino/TheoryandPhenomenaofMetamaterials_CFinalsPage--#23NegativeRefractioninInfraredandVisibleDomains.Introduction.........................................-.NanocircuitElementsatIRandOpticalFrequencies.................................

2、.........-.NegativePermeabilityandDNGMetamaterialsatIRandOpticalFrequencies........................-.OpticalNanotransmissionLinesasOne-DimensionalandTwo-DimensionalPhotonicMetamaterialswithPositiveorNegativeIndexofRefraction..............-AndreaAlùUniver

3、sityofTexas,Austin.Three-DimensionalOpticalNegative-IndexMetamaterials........................................-NaderEngheta.Conclusions..........................................-UniversityofPennsylvaniaReferences............................................

4、.....-23.1IntroductionTheresearchonnegativerefractionhasconsiderablygrowninthepastseveralyears,asextensivelydiscussedinthishandbookandinrecentbooks,specialissues,andreviews[–].Thisismainlyduetotherecentinterestintheunconventionalpropertiesofcomposite“metamaterial

5、s”withbothnegativepermittivityandpermeability,alsoknownasleft-handed(LH)ordouble-negative(DNG)materials[].Inparticular,thetheoreticalpossibilityofsubwavelengthfocusingandperfectlens-inghasfosteredthissuddenincreaseininterest,startingfromtheseminalworkofPendryonthistop

6、ic[].Itisclearhowamajorbreakthroughinthemetamaterialtechnologywillbeexperiencedwhentheseconceptsarereadilyappliedtothevisiblefrequencies,forwhichsubwavelengthfocusingandimagingareprimaryapplications[–].Inthemicrowaveregime,negative-indexmetamaterialshavebeenconstr

7、uctedintwodistinctways:(a)byembeddingarraysofmetallicsplit-ringresonators(SRRs)andwiresinahostmedium(see,e.g.,[])and(b)byrealizingloadeddualtransmissionlineswithbackward-wavebehavior(see,e.g.,[,]).Inbothcases,someofthepredictedanomalouspropertiesofnegative-indexmate

8、rialshavealreadybeenexperimentallydemonstratedinthisregimeoffrequency.Inthenear-infrared(IR)andvisibleregimes,