Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Multilayer Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Films

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1、1657Layer-by-LayerSelf-AssembledMultilayerStimuli-ResponsivePolymericFilmsLeiZhai7.1IntroductionMultilayerpolymericfilmsfabricatedthroughthelayer-by-layer(LBL)self-assemblytechniqueareabletointegratestimuli-responsivematerialsintothefilmsthroughvariousintermolecular

2、interactions.Theeaseofthefabricationprocessandtheexcellentcontrolofthefilmcompositionandmorphology,combinedwiththecapabilityofcoatingsubstratesconformally,offersawiderangeofmultilayerfilmsthatchangefilmpropertiessuchaspermeability,wettability,color,andsolubilityupone

3、xternalstimuli.ThischapterreviewsthemethodsofbuildingLBLmultilayerfilmsandtheapproachestocontrolthestructuresofthefilms.Thesesmartfilmsprovidenumerousapplicationsincontrolleddrugrelease,sensing,energygeneration,andflowregulationwiththeiruniqueresponsetoexternalstimuli

4、includingpHandtemperaturechange,photoirradiation,applicationofelectricalfields,andspecificmolecularinteractions.Stimuli-responsivecoatings,alsoknownassmartcoatings,areabletochangetheirpropertiesuponexternalstimuliincludingtemperature,pH,saltconcen-tration,light,pres

5、enceofspecificmolecules,andotherfactors.Thecapabilityofchangingsurfacebehaviorinanaccurateandpredictablemannerhasgeneratednumerousapplicationsrangingfromchemicalsensing,separations,anddrugdeliverytovariousbioapplications.Tonameafew,smartcoatingswithtunablehydrophil

6、ic/hydrophobicwettabilityhavebeenusedinthedevelopmentofmicro-andnanofluidicdevices,self-cleaningandantifogsurfaces,andsensordevices[1–3].Photochemical-responsivecoatingshavebeenappliedtobuildasurfacethatreleasesnitricoxide[4]overnanometerlengthscalesforphotochemoth

7、erapeuticapplications,andasurfacethatcanbephotoactivatedforspatiotemporalcontrolofcelladhesionduringcellcultivation[5,6].Thecontrolofthepropertiesofthesesmartcoatingscanbeachievedthroughthestimuli-responsivematerialsformingself-assembledmonolayers(SAMs)andpolymerfi

8、lms.Amongvariousapproachestofabricateresponsivepolymerfilms,multilayeredpolymerfilms,generallyreferredaspolyelectrolytemultilayer(PEM)films,fabricatedthrou