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1、atenthofasecondatenthofasecondahistoryJimenaCanalestheuniversityofchicagopresschicagoandlondonpublicationofthisbookhasbeenaidedbyagrantfromthebevingtonfund.JimenaCanalesisassistantprofessorofthehistoryofscienceatHarvardUniversity.TheUniversityofChicagoPress,Chic
2、ago60637TheUniversityofChicagoPress,Ltd.,London©2009byTheUniversityofChicagoAllrightsreserved.Published2009PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica1817161514131211100912345isbn-13:978-0-226-09318-5(cloth)isbn-10:0-226-09318-2(cloth)LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-Public
3、ationDataCanales,Jimena.Atenthofasecond:ahistory/JimenaCanales.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN-13:978-0-226-09318-5(cloth:alk.paper)ISBN-10:0-226-09318-2(cloth:alk.paper)1.Timemeasurements.2.Time—Philosophy.I.Title.qb213.c362009509—dc22200805
4、4019aThepaperusedinthispublicationmeetstheminimumrequirementsoftheAmericanNationalStandardforInforma-tionSciences—PermanenceofPaperforPrintedLibraryMaterials,ansiz39.48-1992.Tomymother,Rocío,andtomyson,Billy.contentsPreface ixAcknowledgments xi1Introduction 12Re
5、actionTimeandthePersonalEquation 213TheMeasureofAllThoughts 594MomentsofContact 875CapturedbyCinematography 1176StabilizingPhysics 1557ReactingtoRelativity 1798Conclusion 205Postscript 223Bibliography 225Index 261prefaceAtfirstglance,itmayseemthatwecanignoretheh
6、istoryofatenthofasecond.Afterall,mosteventsoccurringwithinthisshortperiodoftimecannotbeperceived.Mostpersonstakemorethanatenthofasecondtoreact.Butinlookingmorecarefullyatthismoment,itappearsstrangelyconstitutiveofmodernity.Thetenthofasecondwasrepeatedlyreference
7、dindebatesaboutthenatureoftime,causality,freewill,andthedifferencebetweenhumansandnonhumans.Understandingthisshort,“invisible”periodoftimeisasimportantasunderstandingotherequallysmallandinvisiblethings.WhenintheseventeenthcenturyRobertHookeusedanewlyinventedmicr
8、oscopetorevealtheshockingwealthofthemicroworld,heclaimedthatthe“shadowofthings”nolongerneededtobetakenfortheir“substance.”Microscopyledhimawayfrom“uncertainty,”“mista
