Development of Stress Measurements and Instrument Placement

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1、DevelopmentofStressMeasurementsandInstrumentPlacementTechniquesforLongwallCoalE.G.Zahl,J.P.Dunford,D.R.Tesarik,M.K.LarsonSpokaneResearchLaboratory,NationalInstituteforOccupationalSafetyandHealth,Spokane,Washington,USAJ.ChenRAGAmericanCoalCompany,Waynesburg,Pennsylvania,USAABSTRACT:Wes

2、terncoalminesareoperatingunderincreasinglychallenginggroundconditions.ResearchersattheSpokaneResearchLaboratoryoftheNationalInstituteforOccupationalSafetyandHealtharecooperatingwithminestoevaluatehowtheseconditionsaffectmineopeningstabilityandrelatedminersafety.Asystemwasdevelopedtomo

3、nitorrockandcoalstressesduringminingofanentirelongwallpanel.Thesystemwasdesignedtogeneratedatainnearrealtimetoevaluaterockbehaviorinroofstrataandtheonsetofhazardousconditionsasoverburdenstresswasredistributedoverworkingentriesduringgobformation.Computersimulationsandin-mineevaluations

4、wereusedtooptimizeinstrumentplacement.Aprototypepackerassemblywasdesignedandtestedforinstallingsensitiveinstrumentsinamineroof.Thispaperprovidesbackgroundinformationonthestressmonitoringconceptandfocusesonthedevelopmentofinstrumentplacementtechniquesandtheprototypepackerassembly.1BACK

5、GROUNDremovalandgobformation.Stressesaretransferredthroughroofstratafromtheareaofactivemining1.1Stressmonitoringsystemconceptbacktotheinstrumentsite.AdataacquisitionsystemretrievesdatafromtheseinstrumentsatpreResearchersattheSpokaneResearchLaboratoryselectedtimeintervals.Rawdataarethe

6、nprocessed(SRL)oftheNationalInstituteforOccupationalandreducedandusedtogenerategraphs.TheseSafetyandHealth(NIOSH),incooperationwithagraphsillustratetrendsthatmaybeusedtoevaluateminingcompany,havedevelopedandcontinueto(1)behaviorofroofstrataabovemineopenings,(2)refineastressmonitoringa

7、ndreportingsystem.Theimminentcatastrophicevents,(3)effectssuchasinitialobjectivewastodetermineifstressmonitortypicalyieldpillarmovementthatarenotasafetynginstrumentscouldgathersufficientdatatorecogconcernbutmaydistortneededinformation,and(4)izetheconditionsleadingtocoalbumpssothesepla

8、cemen