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1、AppliedCatalysisA:General181(1999)399±434Industrialapplicationofsolidacid±basecatalystsa,*b,1KozoTanabe,WolfgangF.HoÈlderichaResearchandDevelopmentDivision,NipponShokubaiCo.,Ltd.,5-8,NishiOtabi-cho,Suita,Osaka564-8512,JapanbDepartmentofChemicalTechnologyandHeterogeneousCatalysis,UniversityofTe
2、chnology,RWTHAachen,Worringerweg1,D-52074,Aachen,GermanyReceived6July1998;receivedinrevisedform24September1998;accepted5November1998AbstractAstatisticalsurveyofindustrialprocessesusingsolidacid±basecatalystsispresented.Thenumberofprocessessuchasalkylation,isomerization,amination,cracking,ether
3、i®cation,etc.,andthecatalystssuchaszeolites,oxides,complexoxides,phosphates,ion-exchangeresins,clays,etc.,are127and180,respectively.Theclassi®cationofthetypesofcatalystsintosolidacid,solidbase,andsolidacid±basebifunctionalcatalystsgivesthenumbersas103,10and14,respectively.Somesigni®cantexample
4、saredescribedmoreindetail.Onthebasisofthesurvey,thefuturetrendofsolidacid±basecatalysisandthefundamentalresearchpromisingforindustrialsuccessarediscussed.#1999ElsevierScienceB.V.Allrightsreserved.Keywords:Industrialprocesses;Solidacidcatalyst;Solidbasecatalyst;Solidacid±basebifunctionalcatalys
5、t1.Introductioncorrosiveandenvironmentallybenign,presentingfewerdisposalproblems.Theirrepeateduseispossi-Morethanthreehundredsofsolidacidsandbasesbleandtheirseparationfromliquidproductsismuchhavebeendevelopedforthelast40years.Thesurfaceeasier.Furthermore,theycanbedesignedtogivepropertiesandthe
6、structureshavebeenclari®edbyhigheractivity,selectivity,andlongercatalystlife.newlydevelopedmeasurementmethodsusingmodernTherefore,thereplacementofthehomogeneouscat-instrumentsandhighlysophisticatedtechniques.Thealystswiththeheterogeneousonesisbecomingevencharacterizedsolidacidsandbaseshavebeen
7、appliedmoreimportantinchemicalandlifescienceindustry.ascatalystsforvariousreactions,theroleofacid±baseSince,however,aquestionastohowmanyandwhatpropertiesforcatalyticactivitiesandselectivitieskindsofindustrialprocesseshavebeendevelopedby
