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1、SelectedforaViewpointinPhysicsweekendingPRL106,192501(2011)PHYSICALREVIEWLETTERS13MAY2011AbInitioCalculationoftheHoyleState1123,4EvgenyEpelbaum,HermannKrebs,DeanLee,andUlf-G.Meißner1Institutfu¨rTheoretischePhysikII,Ruhr-Universita¨tBochum,D-44870Bochum,Germany2DepartmentofPhysics,NorthCarolinaSta
2、teUniversity,Raleigh,NorthCarolina27695,USA3Helmholtz-Institutfu¨rStrahlen-undKernphysikandBetheCenterforTheoreticalPhysics,Universita¨tBonn,D-53115Bonn,Germany4Institutfu¨rKernphysik,InstituteforAdvancedSimulationandJu¨lichCenterforHadronPhysics,ForschungszentrumJu¨lich,D-52425Ju¨lich,Germany(Re
3、ceived24February2011;published9May2011)TheHoylestateplaysacrucialroleintheheliumburningofstarsheavierthanourSunandintheproductionofcarbonandotherelementsnecessaryforlife.Thisexcitedstateofthecarbon-12nucleuswaspostulatedbyHoyleasanecessaryingredientforthefusionofthreealphaparticlestoproducecarbon
4、atstellartemperatures.AlthoughtheHoylestatewasseenexperimentallymorethanahalfcenturyagonucleartheoristshavenotyetuncoveredthenatureofthisstatefromfirstprinciples.InthisLetterwereportthefirstabinitiocalculationofthelow-lyingstatesofcarbon-12usingsupercomputerlatticesimulationsandatheoreticalframewor
5、kknownaseffectivefieldtheory.Inadditiontothegroundstateandexcitedspin-2state,wefindaresonanceat85ð3ÞMeVwithallofthepropertiesoftheHoylestateandinagreementwiththeexperimentallyobservedenergy.DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.192501PACSnumbers:21.10.Dr,21.45.v,21.60.De,26.20.FjInstarswithcentraltemperatu
6、resabove15106K,theconstrained-pathGreensfunctionMonteCarlo[12,13],carbon-nitrogen-oxygencycleisthedominantprocessforauxiliary-fielddiffusionMonteCarlo[14],andcoupledtheconversionofhydrogenintohelium[1,2].However,aclustermethods[15].Despitespectacularprogressoverkeycatalystinthiscycleisthecarbon-1
7、2nucleuswhichthepastfewyears,therehavebeennocalculationssofaritselfmustbeproducedbyfusionofthreehelium-4nucleiwhichreproducetheHoylestatefromfirstprinciples.oralphaparticles.WithoutadditionalhelpthistriplealphaInthisLet
