KXO231 Software Lifecycles Notes

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1、SchoolofEngineering&ICTICTProjectManagementSoftwareLifecycleNotesSoftwareLifecyclesItisimportanttorememberthatproductsalsohavelifecyclesandtherearemanyproductlifecycleframeworksthatcanbeusedinprojectmanagement.Someofthesearesummarisedbrieflybelow.TheVari

2、ousSoftwareLifecycleModelsWaterfallmodelThewaterfallmodelderivesitsnameduetothecascadingeffectfromonephasetotheother.Alsocalledthelinearsequentialmodel.Usuallyhavethefollowingdistinctstages:•Requirementsanalysisphase•Specificationphase•Designphase•Coding

3、•Implementationandtestingphase•Integrationandsystemtestingphase•Acceptance•MaintenancephaseAdvantages•Providesmilestones•Providesmanagementwithgoodbasisforcontrol•Thereareclearstagesthroughwhichtheprojectproceeds•Thereareclearmilestonestoassessprogress•P

4、rovidesdataforscheduleplanning•Providesdataforstaffplanning•Theprocesslooksrational•ThemodelgivesthemanagerconfidenceintheprogressoftheprojectDisadvantages•Noroomforfeedback•Assumethattheclientsknoweverything•Presentamanagementframework,notsuitableforsof

5、twaredevelopment•Doesn’tallowrepetition•Definedclearlinesbetweenstages•Doesn’tallowchange•Someproblemsrequireanevolutionaryapproach•Realprojectsrarelysequential—iterationrequired1•Difficultyinuserstatingallrequirementsearly•Workingversionofprogramnotavai

6、lableuntillateinthelifecycle•Developersoftendelayed•Thecustomeronlyseesaworkingversionoftheproductafterithasbeencoded.TheVModelisamodifiedWaterfallmodelwhichintegratestestingactivitiesintothewaterfallmodelPhasedDevelopmentThismethodbreakstherequirementsi

7、ntoaseriesofversions,basedonseveralversionsofsystembeingbuiltsequentially,withthemostfundamentalandimportantfunctionsbundledinthefirstversion.Sequentiallyheremeansthatthenextversiondevelopmentwillbeginonlyaftertheprecedingversionhasbeenapprovedandimpleme

8、nted.EachversionhasitsownAnalysis-Design-Implementationphases(inasmallerscalecomparedtotheoverallsystem).Alloftheseversionswilllaterbetailoredtoformacompletesystemthatmeetstherequirements.Thismethoddeliversusefulsystemvery