Metal Oxide Nanoparticles as an Electron-Transport Layer in High-Performance and Stable Inverted Polymer Solar Cells

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1、www.advmat.dewww.MaterialsViews.comCOMMUNICATIONMetalOxideNanoparticlesasanElectron-TransportLayerinHigh-PerformanceandStableInvertedPolymerSolarCellsJingbiYou,Chun-ChaoChen,LetianDou,SeiichiroMurase,Hsin-ShengDuan,StevenA.Hawks,TaoXu,HaeJungSon,LupingYu,*GangLi,*andYangYang*Polymersolarcellshav

2、emanyadvantages,includingtranspar-(e.g.,V2O5,MoO3,WO3,NiOx)[26,27]andPEDOT:PSS.However,ency,aestheticallypleasing,flexibility,andlightweight.Theytodate,veryfewreportshaveshowninvertedstructurepolymerareparticularlycompatiblewithhighthroughputandlow-costsolarcellsasgoodasthestandardstructurecellin

3、non-P3HTfabricationprocesses,whichmakethemapromisingphoto-systems.[14,20,21]Thechampionpolymersusedsuccessfullyinvoltaictechnology.[1–5]Thesepropertiesenableawiderangeofsingle-junctionandtandempolymersolarcells–poly[[4,8-bis[(2-potentialapplications,evenforouterspace.[6,7]Inthelastfewethylhexyl)

4、oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl][3-fluoro-years,manyhigh-performancepolymerswithhighsolar-cell2-[(2ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl]](PTB7)efficiencyhavebeenreported.[8–16]Amongthose,benzodithi-and(PBDTT-DPP)–areofspecialinteresttobeinvestigatedophene(BDT)andthionothiophe

5、ne(TT)-basedpolymerswereintheinverted-solar-cellconfiguration.Inthispaper,polymerthefirstpolymerfamilytobreakthe7%and8%efficiencybar-solarcellswithsolution-processedTiO2nanoparticles(NPs),riers.[8–12]Poly{2,6′-4,8-di(5-ethylhexylthienyl)benzo[1,2-b;3,4-b]Cs-dopedTiO2NP-,andZnONP-basedETLsweresystem

6、-dithiophene-alt-5-dibutyloctyl-3,6-bis(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)aticallystudiedwithlow-bandgappolymersbasedonBDT-TTpyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione}(PBDTT-DPP)withalower(PTB7,[11]poly[(4,8-bis-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b′]bandgap(≈1.4eV)showedsuperiorperformanceinlongwave-dithi-ophene)-2,6-d

7、iyl-alt-(5,5′-bis(2-thienyl)-4,4,-dinonyl-2,2′-lengthregions,whichenabledsignificantprogressintandembithiazole)-5′,5′′-diyl](PBDTTT-C))[13]andPBDTT-DPP.[14]Wesolarcellswithefficiencycloseto9%.[14]Forhistoricalreasons,observepe