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1、DYE-SENSITIZEDSOLARCELLSBASEDONTiO2NANOPARTICLESByMitchellR.BrooksMatE297Spring2006Dr.ZhenGuo6/13/20218AbstractToday,solarcelltechnologyisinlimiteduseduetotherelativelyhighmanufacturingcostofsiliconbasedtechnology,andthelowpowerefficiencyoforganicpolymerbasedtechnol
2、ogy.However,researchisbeingdoneonhybridcellsbasedondye-sensitizingorganicpolymersandathintransparentconductingoxidelayercomprisedofnanoparticles.Thesecellscouldofferthesameeaseofmanufacturingasorganiccells,withimprovedefficiency.Currently,althoughtheimprovedefficien
3、cyispromising,itisstillfarbelowsiliconbasedsolarcells.Thispaperwillexploretheroleofnanomaterialsinthisflexiblesolarcelltechnology.Adiscussiononcurrenteffortstoimproveefficiencywillfollow.81.0IntroductionToday,duetotheincreasingglobaldemandsonenergy,itisimperativetha
4、tarenewableenergysourcebedetermined,thatiscosteffectiveandreliable.Solarcelltechnologyhasshownmuchpromiseovertheyearstoreplacetheuseoffossilfuels.However,withthecurrenttechnology,thecostperwattisratherhighduetothehighcostofmanufacturingsilicon-basedsolarcells.Thecos
5、tperwattcanbeloweredtwoways.Lowerthemanufacturingcost,orincreasetheamountofpoweroutputforthesamecost.Thelatterisrelatedtoefficiencyofthedevice.Inotherwords,theefficiencyistheamountofenergyoutputvs.theamountofenergycomingin.InFigure1,wecanseethechronologyoftheefficie
6、nciesfordifferenttypesofsolarcelltechnology.Thecurrentbestisaroundthirty-sixpercent.Clearly,amoreefficientwayofconvertingsunlightintoenergyneedstoberesearchedinordertomakesolarcelltechnologyeconomicallyviable.Mosttraditionalsolarcellsrelyonasemiconductor(typicallysi
7、licon)forbothlightabsorption,andchargetransport.Afairlynew,promisingmethodseparatesthesefunctions.Organicdyes(dyesensitizers),whicharesensitivetolight,canabsorbabroaderrangeofthesun’sspectrum.Whenaphotonhitsthedye,anelectroninthedyebecomesexcitedandisinjectedintothe
8、conductionbandofananocrystallinesemiconductoroxide,wherechargetransporttakesplace.Electronslostfromthedye,areregeneratedbyaredoxelectrolyt
