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1、UnitTwelve InsuranceWhatisthepurposeofinsurance?houseagainstfire.Youcaninsureyourcaragainstaccident/theft.noseagainstharm.lifeinsurance.healthinsurance.Youcaneffectaendowmentinsurance.养老保险accidentinsurance.burglaryandrobberyinsurance.风险：risks,perilstotall
2、oss损失：lossesparticularaveragepartialloss(单独海损）generalaverage（共同海损）险别：risks,perils,coverages保险公司按照不同险别包括的风险所造成的损失和发生的费用承担赔偿责任，所以在保险业务中风险、损失和险别三者有着紧密的联系，为此，我们对保险公司所能承保的风险与损失的种类和内容必须有准确的理解。RisksinCargoTransportationRisksincargotransportationareofmanykinds.Di
3、fferentrisksmeandifferentlossesAnddifferentrisksarecoveredbydifferentinsuranceclausesanddifferentinsuranceclausesmeandifferentpremiums保险费.Soweneedtohaveagoodunderstandingofthedifferentrisksandlossesbeforeweknowhowtoeffectinsurance.Inmarinecargotransportat
4、ioninsurance,risksfallintoperilsofthesea海难andextraneousrisks外来风险.PerilsandLossesinOceanTransportation Perilsandrisks风险1.PerilsoftheSea海难/海上风险Naturalcalamities海上发生的自然灾害Fortuitousaccidents意外事故2.Extraneousrisks外来风险GeneralextraneousrisksSpecialextraneousrisks
5、Part1.PerilsandLossesinOceanTransportationPerilsandriskskindsofperils风险种类Inmarineinsurance,perilsaregenerallyoftwokinds.1.Perilsofthesea海上风险（又称海难）（1）Naturalcalamities海上发生的自然灾害Naturalcalamitiescovervileweather(恶劣气候)，thunderandlightening(雷电)，tsunami(海啸，tida
6、lwaves),earthquake,floodsandotherirresistibledisasters.（不可抗拒的灾害）Part1.PerilsandLossesinOceanTransportation（2）Fortuitousaccidents意外事故Fortuitousaccidentsmainlyincludeshipstranded(搁浅),strikingarock,shipsinking(沉没),shipcollision(互撞),collidingwithicebergsoroth
7、erobjects,fire,explosionandshipmissingandotheraccidentswithseacharacteristics.Part1.PerilsandLossesinOceanTransportation2.Extraneousrisks外来风险Extraneousrisksrefertorisksoutsideperilsofthesea.（1）Generalextraneousrisks一般外来风险Generalextraneousrisksincludetheft
8、,breakage,leakage,contamination,sweatandheating(受潮受热),taintofodor(串味),hookdamage(钩损),shortage(短量)andrust(锈损)Part1.PerilsandLossesinOceanTransportation（2）Specialextraneousrisks特殊外来风险Specialextraneousrisksrefertorisks
