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1、Unit11InsuranceQ1:What’sinsurance?OxfordEnglish-ChineseDictionary:guaranteeofcompensationforloss,damage,sickness,death,etc.inreturnforregularpayment《国际贸易实务》：保险是一种经济补偿制度，被保险人向保险人支付一定的保险费，而保险人则对被保险人将来可能遭受的承保范围内的损失负赔偿责任。Q1:What’sinsurance?Textbook:Insuranceprovidesapoolorfundintowhichth
2、emanycontributeandoutwhichthefewwhosufferlossarecompensated.pool:集中在一起的款额，共同储金Q2:Whydoweneedinsuranceininternationaltrade?Ininternationaltrade,thegoodsusuallyhavetobetransportedforverylongdistances.Duringthetransportation,thegoodsmayencountervariouskindsofperilsandtheownermaysufferlo
3、sses.Inordertopreventsufferingfromlosses,beforethetransportationofgoods,thebuyerorthesellerusuallyappliestoaninsurancecompanyforcoverofthegoodsintransit.Asfarasforeigntradeisconcerned,whatmainlyconcernsisstilltheMarineInsurance.Forseatransportationisthemostancientandeconomicalmeansof
4、transport,andtheMarineInsuranceistheearliestdevelopedinsurance.LossorDamageatSeaTotalLossPartialLossActualTotalLossConstructiveTotalLossGeneralAverageParticularAverageLossesattheSeaRelativewordsandphrasesperilsofthesea海上风险naturalcalamity自然风险fortuitousaccidents意外事故extraneousrisks外来风险险
5、别包括基本险(basicrisks)和附加险（additionalrisks）BasicCoversagainstPerilsoftheSeafreefromparticularaverage(F.P.A.)平安险with(particular)average(W.A.orW.P.A.)水渍险allrisks一切险FreefromparticularAverage(F.P.A.)InsuranceTheinsurancecompanywillberesponsibletopayclaimsfortotalorconstructivetotallossessuff
6、eredbythewholelotofcargoesduringthetransportationduetosuchnaturalcalamitiesasvileweather,thunderandlightning,tidalwave,earthquakes,andfloods,orfortotalorpartiallossesduetotheshiporcarrierbeingfire,stranded,sinking,collidingormeetingotherfortuitous.Theinsurancecompanywillalsoberespons
7、ible,whenlossesareincurredinthecourseofloadingorunloading,forinstance,whenoneorseveralwholeparcelsofthegoodsaredroppedintotheseaandareconsideredlost,orwhengeneralaverageisincurred,i.e.whenlossesorexpensesareincurredinthecommoninterest.平安险不承担单独海损的赔偿，是一种范围较窄的险别，不承担部分海损。只提供类似船只搁浅等实际海损所引
8、起的全损及共同海损的赔偿
