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1、MaterialsandDesign212000359.]364NumericalmodelingofpowdermetallurgyprocessesUR.Baccino,F.MoretCEA-CEREM,Departementd'EtudesdesMateriaux,17ruedesMartyrs,38054GrenobleCedex9,FranceAbstractPowdermetallurgyP.rMprocessesarewidelyusedtomanufacturemetallicorceram
2、icnetshapeparts.Inordertohelpoptimizetheseprocessesinparticulardiecompaction,sinteringandhotisostaticpressing,CEA-CEREMhasdevelopeda.computerassisteddesignandmodelingtoolnamedPreCAD.InthecaseofhotisostaticpressingHIP,thistoolisusedtoW.optimizethedesignofth
3、einitialmouldinordertoobtainaveryaccuratepartaftercompaction.Inthecaseofdiecompaction,itcanbeusedtooptimizetoolingsdie,punchesgeometriesandpressingsequencesinorderto:1increasepartsaccuracyand..thuslimitpost-sinteringoperationssizingormachining;and2decrease
4、thepercentageofrejectedpartsduetothepresenceof..cracks.ThistoolhasbeenfullyvalidatedonrealpartsinthecaseofHIPISOPRECWprocessandisnowindustriallyused.An.accuracyof"50mmbetweensimulatedandmanufacturedgeometriesisobtained.Predictionoftherelativedensityisbett
5、erthan1%.AllaspectsofPreCADWarepresentedinthispaperwithseveralindustrialexamplesofapplicationsforthedifferentPrMprocesses.Q2000ElsevierScienceLtd.Allrightsreserved.Keywords:Numericalmodeling;Powdermatallurgyprocesses;Netshape.1.Introductionsmallcomplexpartss
6、uchaswatchframesorbranchesforspectacles.Severalpowdermetallurgy.PrMprocessesarecommonlyusedtomanufactureawiderangeofmetal-Intheseprocesses,itisessentialtoincreasetheaccu-licorceramicnetshapeparts:racyofpartsinordertolimitpost-sinteringorpost-HIPoperationssu
7、chasmachiningorsizing.Fordiecom-vdiecompactionfollowedbysinteringisthemajorpaction,theseoperationsmayrepresent10]25%ofthePrMroute.Itisusedtomanufacturetransmissionproductioncosts.andgearboxsteelpartsforautomotive,cementedTheconceptionandoptimizationoftoolset
8、sforcarbidesandhighspeedsteelpartsformetal-,pressingorinjectionmouldinggenerallyveryexpen-wood-orstone-working,magnetsandsoftmagneticsive!aregenerallymadewithatrial-and-errorproce-.materials,®n
