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1、Availableonlineatwww.sciencedirect.comActaMaterialia61(2013)2649–2661www.elsevier.com/locate/actamatThree-dimensionalnumericalandexperimentalinvestigationonfrictionstirweldingprocessesofferriticstainlesssteelabbacHoon-HweCho,Sung-TaeHong,Jae-HunRoh,Hyun-SikCh
2、oi,SukHoonKang,da,⇑RussellJ.Steel,HeungNamHanaDepartmentofMaterialsScience&Engineering,CenterforIron&SteelResearch,RIAM,SeoulNationalUniversity,Seoul151-744,RepublicofKoreabSchoolofMechanicalEngineering,UniversityofUlsan,Ulsan680-749,RepublicofKoreacNuclearMa
3、terialsResearchDivision,KoreaAtomicEnergyResearchInstitute,Daejon305-353,RepublicofKoreadMegaStirTechnologies,Provo,UT84604,USAReceived15November2012;receivedinrevisedform16January2013;accepted22January2013Availableonline11February2013AbstractAthree-dimension
4、althermomechanicalsimulationoffrictionstirwelding(FSW)processesiscarriedoutforferriticstainlesssteelbyutilizinganEulerianfinitevolumemethodunderthesteadystatecondition,andthesimulationresultiscompareddirectlywithboththemeasuredtemperaturehistoriesduringFSWandt
5、hemicrostructuralchangesafterFSW.Basedonaviscoplasticself-consistentapproachforpolycrystal,thetexturedevelopmentintheFSWedmaterialisdeterminedfromthevelocitygradientsalongthestreamlinesinthematerialflowfield.Thesimulationresultsshowthattheheatisgeneratedmainlyn
6、eartheinterfacebetweenthetoolandthework-piece,andthattheviscositychangesdrasticallyinthevicinityoftheboundarybetweenthestirzoneandthethermomechanicallyaffectedzone.Fromthepredictedstreamlines,itcanbeindicatedthatthestrongmaterialflowmainlydevelopsontheretreatin
7、gsideofthetool.Also,thesimulationresultsshowthatthesheardeformationtextureissignificantlydevelopedintheFSWedregion.Themeasuredtem-peraturesandmicrostructuralcharacteristicsagreefairlywellwiththepredicteddata.Ó2013ActaMaterialiaInc.PublishedbyElsevierLtd.Allrig
8、htsreserved.Keywords:Ferriticstainlesssteel;Frictionstirwelding;Numericalmodeling;Texture;Microstructure1.IntroductionFSWisperformedusingarotatingandtraversingtoolconsistingofashoulderwit
