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1、Frictionstirweldingofaluminiumalloys1234P.L.Threadgill,A.J.Leonard,H.R.ShercliffandP.J.Withers*Thecomprehensivebodyofknowledgethathasbuiltupwithrespecttothefrictionstirwelding(FSW)ofaluminiumalloyssincethetechniquewasinventedin1991isreviewed.ThebasicprinciplesofFSWare
2、described,includingthermalhistoryandmetalflow,beforediscussinghowprocessparametersaffecttheweldmicrostructureandthelikelihoodofentrainingdefects.Afterintroducingthecharacteristicmacroscopicfeatures,themicrostructuraldevelopmentandrelateddistributionofhardnessarereview
3、edinsomedetailforthetwoclassesofwroughtaluminiumalloy(non-heat-treatableandheat-treatable).Finally,therangeofmechanicalpropertiesthatcanbeachievedisdiscussed,includingconsiderationofresidualstress,fracture,fatigueandcorrosion.ItisdemonstratedthatFSWofaluminiumisbecomi
4、nganincreasinglymaturetechnologywithnumerouscommercialapplications.Inspiteofthis,muchremainstobelearnedabouttheprocessandopportunitiesforfurtherresearchanddevelopmentareidentified.Keywords:Frictionstirwelding,Aluminiumalloys,Microstructureevolution,Plasticflow,Residua
5、lstress,Mechanicalproperties,ThermomechanicallyaffectedzoneIntroductionplate.Frictionalheatisgenerated,principallyduetothehighnormalpressureandshearingactionoftheHistoricalbackgroundandprinciplesshoulder.FrictionstirweldingcanbethoughtofasaRadicallynewjoiningprocesses
6、donotcomealongveryprocessofconstrainedextrusionundertheactionoftheoften:frictionstirwelding(FSW)wasonesuchevent,tool.Thefrictionalheatingcausesasoftenedzoneof1,2materialtoformaroundtheprobe.ThissoftenedbeinginventedbytheTWIin1991.SincethenresearchanddevelopmentinFSWan
7、dassociatedmaterialcannotescapeasitisconstrainedbythetooltechnologieshasmushroomed,withmanycompanies,shoulder.Asthetoolistraversedalongthejointline,researchinstitutesanduniversitiesinvestingheavilyinmaterialissweptaroundthetoolprobebetweenthetheprocessandinternational
8、conferenceseriesdedicatedretreatingsideofthetool(wherethelocalmotionduetotoitsstudy.Bytheendof2007,TWIhadissued200rotationop
