The distillation and volatility of ionic liquids

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1、Vol439

2、16February2006

3、doi:10.1038/nature04451LETTERSThedistillationandvolatilityofionicliquids12122MartynJ.Earle,Jose´M.S.S.Esperanc¸a,ManuelaA.Gilea,Jose´N.CanongiaLopes,Luı´sP.N.Rebelo,313JosephW.Magee,KennethR.Seddon&JasonA.WidegrenItiswidelybelievedthatadefiningcharacte

4、risticofionicliquidspressureofAl2Cl6wasobservedabove1918C.Again,thisisnota13(orlow-temperaturemoltensalts)isthattheyexertnomeasurablevapourofions,andisgeneratedbydissociatingtheionicliquid.1,2vapourpressure,andhencecannotbedistilled.Herewedemon-Withthediscoveryofsecond-gen

5、erationandthird-generationionicstratethatthisisunfounded,andthatmanyionicliquidscanbeliquids,andtheexplosionofnewlydiscoveredsystems,thislackofdistilledatlowpressurewithoutdecomposition.Ionicliquidsvolatilityseemstohavebeenassumedratherthantested.representmattersolelycompo

6、sedofions,andsoareperceivedasOfcourse,itisknownthationicliquidscanbethermallydecom-non-volatilesubstances.Duringthelastdecade,interestintheposed,leadingtotransalkylation(alkylscrambling)intheconden-3fieldofionicliquidshasburgeoned,producingawealthofsate.Forexample,[C2mim]Cl

7、thermallydecomposeswhenheatedintellectualandtechnologicalchallengesandopportunitiesforto1908Cinvacuum:thevolatiledecompositionproducts(1-methyl-4–6theproductionofnewchemicalandextractiveprocesses,fuelimidazole,1-ethylimidazole,chloromethane,chloroethane,ethene78,9cellsandb

8、atteries,andnewcompositematerials.Muchofthisandhydrogenchloride)canberecondensedtocreateanewternarypotentialisunderpinnedbytheirpresumedinvolatility.Thisionicliquidsystem:[C1mim]Cl2[C2mim]Cl2[C2eim]Cl,inþþcharacteristic,however,canseverelyrestricttheattainabilitywhich[C1mi

9、m]is1,3-dimethylimidazoliumand[C2eim]is14ofhighpuritylevelsforionicliquids(whentheycontain1,3-diethylimidazolium.Similarly,ionicliquidswithprotonatedpoorlyvolatilecomponents)inrecyclingschemes,aswellascations,[BH]X(forexample,[Hmim]Cl),willdissociateonheatingexcludingtheir

10、useingas-phaseprocesses.Weanticipatethattoproducethemolecularbase,B,andthemolecularacid,H