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1、LanguageinSociety27,291±334.PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaOh-prefacedresponsestoinquiryJOHNHERITAGEDepartmentofSociologyUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesLosAngeles,CA90095-1551heritage@soc.ucla.eduABSTRACTInresponsestoEnglishquestions,prefacingwiththe
2、particleohindicatesthat,fromtheviewpointoftheanswerer,aquestionisproblematicintermsofitsrelevance,presuppositions,orcontext.Inaddition,oh-prefacingisusedtoforeshadowreluctancetoadvancetheconversationaltopicinvokedbyaquestion;itmayalsobepartofaªtrouble-pr
3、emonitoryºresponsetovarioustypesofHowareyouinquiriesinconversationalopeningsandelse-where.(Conversationanalysis,English,utterancedesign,particles.)*Doyouthinkaboutsextoomuch?NYesNOh,yes![fromthefrontcoverofGlamourmagazine,September1990]Itisnowwellestabli
4、shedthattheparticleohisfrequentlyusedtoacknowledgenewinformation,e.g.answerstoquestions(Heritage1984,Schiffrin1987);1andthatitcommonlyfunctionsasaminimalªthirdturnºexpansion,i.e.onewithsequence-closingimport,toquestion/answeradjacencypairs(Heritage1984,S
5、chegloff1995a).Insuchcontexts,whereohisproducedasaresponsetoinfor-mationofsomekind,itfunctionsasaªchangeofstateºtoken;itregisters,oratleastenactstheregistrationof,achangeinitsproducer'sstateofknowledgeorinformation.2However,ohmaybeusedtoregisterchangesof
6、stateotherthanthoseofknowledgeorinformation.Prominentamongthesearechangesofstateoforien-tationorawareness(James1972,1974,Jefferson1978,Heritage1984,Schiffrin1987).Forexample,inex.1,ohisusedtoregisteranoticing;thentheobjectofthenoticingisnamed(thatteeshir
7、t),andthisisusedasthebasisforastorytell-ing,whichistherebydepictedasªtouchedoffº(Jefferson1978)bythenoticing.(1)[Jefferson1978:222]((Threepeoplearewalkingtogether;someonepassesthemwearingaphotographteeshirt))1N:Ohthatteeshirtremindedme[story]Arelatedphen
8、omenoncanbeseeninex.2,whereBbecomesaco-participantinanextendedsearchforaname.©1998CambridgeUniversityPress0047-4045/98$9.50291JOHNHERITAGE(2)[SBL:1:1:12:23]1A:Uhsheaskedmetostopby,shebroughtachest2ofdrawersfromum3(4.0)4A:W
