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1、UnitedStatesGovernmentAccountabilityOfficeReporttoCongressionalCommitteesGAOApril2010INTELLECTUALPROPERTYObservationsonEffortstoQuantifytheEconomicEffectsofCounterfeitandPiratedGoodsGAO-10-423April12,2010INTELLECTUALPROPERTYAccountabilityIntegrityReliabilityHighlightsObser
2、vationsonEffortstoQuantifytheEconomicEffectsofCounterfeitandPiratedGoodsHighlightsofGAO-10-423,areporttocongressionalcommitteesWhyGAODidThisStudyWhatGAOFoundInOctober2008,CongresspassedAccordingtoexpertsandliteratureGAOreviewed,counterfeitingandpiracythePrioritizingResourc
3、esandhaveproducedawiderangeofeffectsonconsumers,industry,government,OrganizationforIntellectualandtheeconomyasawhole,dependingonthetypeofinfringementsinvolvedPropertyActof2008(PRO-IPAct),andotherfactors.Consumersareparticularlylikelytoexperiencenegativetoimprovetheeffectiv
4、enessofU.S.effectswhentheypurchasecounterfeitproductstheybelievearegenuine,governmenteffortstoprotectsuchaspharmaceuticals.NegativeeffectsonU.S.industrymayincludelostintellectualproperty(IP)rightssales,lostbrandvalue,andreducedincentivestoinnovate;however,industrysuchascop
5、yrights,patents,andtrademarks.Theactalsodirectedeffectsvarywidelyamongsectorsandcompanies.TheU.S.governmentmayGAOtoprovideinformationonthelosetaxrevenue,incurIPenforcementexpenses,andfacerisksofquantificationoftheimpactsofcounterfeitsenteringsupplychainswithnationalsecurit
6、yorciviliansafetycounterfeitandpiratedgoods.GAOimplications.TheU.S.economyasawholemaygrowmoreslowlybecauseof(1)examinedexistingresearchonreducedinnovationandlossoftraderevenue.Someexpertsandliteraturetheeffectsofcounterfeitingandalsoidentifiedsomepotentialpositiveeffectsof
7、counterfeitingandpiracy.piracyonconsumers,industries,Someconsumersmayknowinglypurchasecounterfeitsthatarelessgovernment,andtheU.S.economy;expensivethanthegenuinegoodsandexperiencepositiveeffects(consumerand(2)identifiedinsightsgainedsurplus),althoughthelonger-termimpactisu
8、nclearduetoreducedincentivesfromeffortstoquantifytheeffectsforresearchanddevelopment,amon
