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1、10Nov200414:25ARAR235-FL37-10.texAR235-FL37-10.sgmLaTeX2e(2002/01/18)P1:IBD10.1146/annurev.fluid.37.061903.175743Annu.Rev.FluidMech.2005.37:239–61doi:10.1146/annurev.fluid.37.061903.175743Copyrightc2005byAnnualReviews.AllrightsreservedIMMERSEDBOUNDARYMETHODSR
2、ajatMittalDepartmentofMechanicalandAerospaceEngineering,GeorgeWashingtonUniversity,Washington,D.C.20052;email:mittal@gwu.eduGianlucaIaccarinoCenterforTurbulenceResearch,MechanicalEngineeringDepartment,StanfordUniversity,Stanford,California94305;email:jops@ct
3、r.stanford.edu1.INTRODUCTIONTheterm“immersedboundarymethod”wasfirstusedinreferencetoamethodde-velopedbyPeskin(1972)tosimulatecardiacmechanicsandassociatedbloodflow.ThedistinguishingfeatureofthismethodwasthattheentiresimulationwascarriedoutonaCartesiangrid,whic
4、hdidnotconformtothegeometryoftheheart,andanovelprocedurewasformulatedforimposingtheeffectoftheimmersedboundary(IB)ontheflow.SincePeskinintroducedthismethod,numerousmodificationsandrefinementshavebeenproposedandanumberofvariantsofthisapproachnowex-ist.Inaddition
5、,thereisanotherclassofmethods,usuallyreferredtoas“Cartesiangridmethods,”whichwereoriginallydevelopedforsimulatinginviscidflowswithcomplexembeddedsolidboundariesonCartesiangrids(Berger&Aftosmis1998,Clarkeetal.1986,Zeeuw&Powell1991).Thesemethodshavebeenextended
6、tosimulateunsteadyviscousflows(Udaykumaretal.1996,Yeetal.1999)andthushavecapabilitiessimilartothoseofIBmethods.Inthisreview,weusethetermim-mersedboundary(IB)methodtoencompassallsuchmethodsthatsimulateviscousflowswithimmersed(orembedded)boundariesongridsthatdon
7、otconformtotheshapeoftheseboundaries.Furthermore,thisreviewfocusesmainlyonIBmeth-odsforflowswithimmersedsolidboundaries.Applicationoftheseandrelatedmethodstoproblemswithliquid-liquidandliquid-gasboundarieswascoveredinpreviousreviewsbyAndersonetal.(1998)andSca
8、rdovelli&Zaleski(1999).ConsiderthesimulationofflowpastasolidbodyshowninFigure1a.Theconventionalapproachtothiswouldemploystructuredorunstructuredgridsthatconformtothebody.Generatingthesegridsproce
