Corruption by Design_ Building Clean Government in Mainland China and Hong Kong

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1、CorruptionbyDesignCorruptionbyDesignbuildingcleangovernmentinmainlandchinaandhongkongMELANIEMANIONHARVARDUNIVERSITYPRESSCambridge,Massachusetts,andLondon,England2004Copyright©2004byMelanieManionAllrightsreservedPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataManion,

2、Melanie,1955Corruptionbydesign:buildingcleangovernmentinmainlandChinaandHongKong/MelanieManion.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN0-674-01486-31.PoliticalcorruptionChinaPrevention.2.PoliticalcorruptionChinaHongKongPrevention.3.PoliticalcorruptionPreventionCasestudies.4.Politicalco

3、rruptionChina.5.PoliticalcorruptionChinaHongKong.6.PoliticalcorruptionCasestudies.I.Title.JQ1509.5.C6M362004364.1
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0951dc222004047348ForDavid,myheroContentsAcknowledgmentsix1AnticorruptionReforminaSettingofWidespreadCorruption12CorruptionandAnticorruptionReforminHongKong273AnExplosionofCorrupt

4、ioninMainlandChina844ProblemsofRoutineAnticorruptionEnforcement1195AnticorruptionCampaignsasEnforcementMechanisms1556InstitutionalDesignsforCleanGovernment200Notes211WorksCited245AuthorIndex275SubjectIndex279AcknowledgmentsItismygreatpleasuretothankthosewhohavehelpedmeinavarietyofwayswiththisbook

5、.ThechaptersonmainlandChina,whichcomprisemostofthebook,benefittedimmenselyfromdiscussionswithanumberofofficialsandordinaryChinese,hereunnamed.Inparticular,Ilearnedabouttheimportanceofbeliefsfrommyinterviewsonbriberyinenter-priselicensingconductedthereintheearly1990s,whileresearchingcleangovernmentw

6、ithsupportfromagrantsponsoredbytheCom-mitteeonScholarlyCommunicationswithChina.Inthemid-1990s,ayearinHongKongenrichedmyunderstandingofanextraordinaryex-ampleoftransformationfromcorruptiontocleangovernment;italsoyieldedthediscoveryofpreviouslyunexploitedsurveysthatprovidedarareopportunitytochartch

7、angesinbeliefsaboutcorruption.In1995andyearsafter,intelligenceofficersintheHongKongInde-pendentCommissionAgainstCorruption(ICAC)OperationsDepart-mentweretremendouslyhelpful,withoutcompromisingthedutiesofoffice.Theirinsig