[管理学]组织行为学 罗宾斯 12版本 第7章

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1、Motivation:FromConceptstoApplicationsChapterSEVENJobDesignTheoryCharacteristicsSkillvarietyTaskidentityTasksignificanceAutonomyFeedbackJobCharacteristicsModelIdentifiesfivejobcharacteristicsandtheirrelationshiptopersonalandworkoutcomesJobDesignTheory(cont’d)JobCharacterist

2、icsModelJobswithskillvariety,taskidentity,tasksignificance,autonomy,andforwhichfeedbackofresultsisgiven,directlyaffectthreepsychologicalstatesofemployees:KnowledgeofresultsMeaningfulnessofworkPersonalfeelingsofresponsibilityforresultsIncreasesinthesepsychologicalstatesresu

3、ltinincreasedmotivation,performance,andjobsatisfaction.CharacteristicsExamplesSkillVarietyHighvarietyTheowner-operatorofagaragewhodoeselectricalrepair,rebuildsengines,doesbodywork,andinteractswithcustomersLowvarietyAbodyshopworkerwhosprayspainteighthoursadayTaskIdentityHig

4、hidentityAcabinetmakerwhodesignsapieceoffurniture,selectsthewood,buildstheobject,andfinishesittoperfectionLowidentityAworkerinafurniturefactorywhooperatesalathetomaketablelegsTaskSignificanceHighsignificanceNursingthesickinahospitalintensivecareunitLowsignificanceSweepingh

5、ospitalfloorsAutonomyHighautonomyAtelephoneinstallerwhoscheduleshisorherownworkfortheday,anddecidesonthebesttechniquesforaparticularinstallationLowautonomyAtelephoneoperatorwhomusthandlecallsastheycomeaccordingtoaroutine,highlyspecifiedprocedureFeedbackHighfeedbackAnelectr

6、onicsfactoryworkerwhoassemblesaradioandthentestsittodetermineifitoperatesproperlyLowfeedbackAnelectronicsfactoryworkerwhoassemblesaradioandthenroutesittoaqualitycontrolinspectorwhotestsandadjustsitExamplesofHighandLowJobCharacteristicsTheJobCharacteristicsModelEXHIBIT7–1So

7、urce:J.R.HackmanandG.R.Oldham,WorkDesign(excerptedfrompp.78–80).©1980byAddison-WesleyPublishingCo.,Inc.ReprintedbypermissionofAddison-WesleyLongman,Inc.JobDesignTheory(cont’d)SkillVarietyThedegreetowhichajobrequiresavarietyofdifferentactivities(howmaydifferentskillsareused

8、inagivenday,week,month?)TaskIdentityThedegreetowhichthejobrequirescompletionofawholeandid