Turkish A Comprehensive Grammar

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1、TURKISH:ACOMPREHENSIVEGRAMMARRoutledgeComprehensiveGrammarsComprehensiveGrammarsareavailableforthefollowinglanguages:ModernWrittenArabicCantoneseCatalanChineseDanishDutchGreekIndonesianJapaneseSloveneSwedishTurkishUkrainianModernWelshTitlesofrelatedint

2、erestColloquialTurkish:ACompleteCourseforBeginnersJeroenAarssenandAdBackusDictionaryoftheTurkicLanguagesKurtuluşÖztopçu,ZhoumagalyAbuov,NasirKambarovandYoussefAzemounTURKISH:ACOMPREHENSIVEGRAMMARAslıGökselandCeliaKerslakeLONDONANDNEWYORKFirstpublished2

3、005byRoutledge2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,OxonOX144RNSimultaneouslypublishedintheUSAandCanadabyRoutledge270MadisonAve,NewYork,NY10016RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroupThiseditionpublishedintheTaylor&Francise-Library,2006.“Topurchaseyourow

4、ncopyofthisoranyofTaylor&FrancisorRoutledge’scollectionofthousandsofeBookspleasegotohttp://www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk/.”©2005AslıGökselandCeliaKerslakeAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedorutilizedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mech

5、anical,orothermeans,nowknownorhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orinanyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublishers.BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationDataAcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefro

6、mtheBritishLibraryLibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationDatahasbeenappliedforISBN0-203-34076-0Mastere-bookISBNISBN0-415-11494-2(pbk)ISBN0-415-21761-X(hbk)CONTENTSAcknowledgementsviiIntroductionviiiAbbreviationsxviiListofconventionsobservedinthisbookx

7、xTheTurkishalphabetandwritingconventionsxxii1Part1Phonology:thesoundsystem1Phonologicalunits32Soundchangesproducedinthestembysuffixation143Vowelharmony214Wordstress265Intonationandsentencestress3541Part2Morphology:thestructureofwords6Principlesofsuffix

8、ation437Wordclasses,derivationandderivationalsuffixes498Inflectionalsuffixes659Reduplication9010Nouncompounds9411Clitics100107Part3Syntax:thestructureofsentences12Simpleandcomplexsentences10913Theverbphrase12614Thenounphrase14415Adjecti