Oral Contraceptive Use and Ovarian Cancer

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1、CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionEpidemiologyProgramOfficeCaseStudiesinAppliedEpidemiologyNo.811-703OralContraceptiveUseandOvarianCancerStudent'sGuideLearningObjectivesAftercompletingthiscasestudy,theparticipantshouldbeableto:GOutlinethesequenceofanepidemiolog

2、icanalysis;GDiscussthebiasesofparticularconcernincase-controlstudiesandwaystominimizetheirinfluence;GDescribewhyandwhentousecrudeandadjustedoddsratiosand95%confidenceintervals,andhowtointerpretthem;andGDefineandrecognizeeffectmodificationandconfounding.Thiscasestu

3、dywasdevelopedbyRichardDickerandPeterLaydein1981.CurrentversionupdatedbyRichardDickerwithinputfromtheEISSummerCourseinstructors.U.S.DEPARTMENTOFHEALTHANDHUMANSERVICESPublicHealthServiceCDC-EIS2003:OCsandOvarianCancer(811-703)-Student’sGuidepage2PARTIIn1980,ovarian

4、cancerrankedasthefourthdevelopmentofovariancancer.Becausebyleadingcauseofcancermortalityamongwomen1980OCshadbeenusedbymorethan40intheUnitedStates.Anestimated18,000newmillionwomenintheUnitedStates,thepubliccasesandmorethan11,000attributabledeathshealthimpactofanass

5、ociationineitherdirectionoccurredamongAmericanwomenthatyear.couldbesubstantial.SeveralstudieshadnotedanincreasedriskofTostudytherelationshipbetweenoralovariancanceramongwomenoflowparity,contraceptiveuseandovariancancer(aswellassuggestingthatpregnancyexertsaprotect

6、ivebreastandendometrialcancer),CDCinitiatedaeffect.Bypreventingpregnancy,oralcase-controlstudy–theCancerandSteroidcontraceptives(OCs)mightbeexpectedtoHormone(CASH)Studyin1980.Case-patientsincreasetheriskofovariancancer.Ontheotherwereenrolledthrougheightregionalcan

7、cerhand,bysimulatingpregnancythroughregistriesparticipatingintheSurveillance,suppressionofpituitarygonadotropinreleaseEpidemiology,andEndResults(SEER)programandinhibitionofovulation,OCsmightbeoftheNationalCancerInstitute.expectedtoprotectagainstthesubsequentQuesti

8、on1:Whichinvestigationsneedtobereviewedbyaninstitutionalreviewboard?Doesthisinvestigationneedtobereviewed?Astheinvestigatorsplannedthisstudy,theydiscuss