句子成分分析讲义

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1、句子成分分析讲义句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主语和谓语次要成分：表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语分析下面句子的句子成分：ImetmybestfriendTomatthestationyesterday.（一）主语主语：句子说明的人或事物Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.名词Shewentoutinahurry.代词Fourplusfouriseight.数词Toseeistobelieve.不定式Smokingisbadforhealth.动名词The

2、youngshouldrespecttheold.名词化的形容词Whathehassaidistrue.句子练习：找出句中主语1.Thesunrisesintheeast.          2.Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.      3.Thepoorarenowlivingintheshelter.4.Seeingisbelieving.     5.Toseeistobelieve.        6.Helikesdancing.    7.Whatheneedsisabook.8.Itisv

3、eryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（二）谓语谓语：说明主语的动作、状态和特征一、简单谓语:由动词或成语动词组成。凡是由一个动词构成谓语的，不管是什么状态、语态、语气，都属于简单谓语。Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill.Helookedaftertwoorphans.ShewillbeleavingforHongKongonApril3rd.Hehasbeendesigninganewplanemodel.二、复合谓语1：由情态动词或助动词+动词构成Hecan

4、speakEnglishwell.Shedoesn’tseemtolikedancing2：系动词+表语构成Theprospectslookedexcellent.Itsoundsagoodidea.Hishairturnedgreyinafewweeks.Sheisgrowingrestless.易误用作及物动词的几个不及物动词：误：dealaproblem正：dealwithaproblem处理问题　　误：dependsb.正：dependonsb.依靠（依赖）某人　　误：insistdoingsth.正：insistondoings

5、th.坚持要做某事误：knockthedoor正：knockon[at]thedoor敲门误：operatesb.正：operateonsb.为某人做手术误：participatesth.正：participateinsth.参加某事误：refersth.正：refertosth.查阅（参考)某物误：relysb./sth.正：relyonsb./sth.依靠某人、某物误：replyaletter正：replytoaletter回信及物与不及物动词练习：1.Nomatterhowmuchyou’velearnedandhowhighast

6、andardofeducationyouhavehad,youmust_______thepeopleheartandsoul.A.serveB.serveforC.servetoD.serveon2.Thepupil___hisrighthand,obviouslyhopingto_____toanswertheteacher’squestion.A.roseriseB.raisedriseC.roseraiseD.raisedraise练习：找出句中谓语1.Thespaceshuttlewillbelaunchedat5p.m.2.I

7、suggestthatthegamebecancelled.3.Sharepriceshavepickeduprecently.4.Thewindowsofourbedroomlookedoutuponthelawns.5.Icanexplainthissentence.6.Hemusthavearrivedbyair.7.Rosessmellsweet.8.Hefelttroubledanddistressed.9.Iamhappy.(三)宾语宾语：动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语Showyourpassport,please

8、.名词Shedidn'tsayanything.代词Howmanydoyouwant?-Iwanttwo.数词Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.名词化的形容词Theya