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1、1.主语(Subject)：句子说明的人或事物。主语一般位于______。1.Lucylikeshernewbike.2.Weworkhard.3.Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.4.Playingfootballafterschoolisgreatfun.5.Whathewantistohavealongvacation.2.谓语(Predicate):说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由______充当.动词常分为实义动词,连系动词,情态动词和助动词。1.WeloveChina.2.Wehavefinishe
2、dreadingthisbook.3.HecanspeakEnglish.4.Sheseemstired.3.宾语（Object）：动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么。一般放在_________或_______后面。1.WestudyEnglish.2.HelivesinShanghai.3.Iloveyou.4.wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?5.HebegantolearnEnglishayearago.6.Ourteachersaidthathewouldgothere.4.表语（Predicative）：跟在系动词
3、后面的词语或从句,用来说明主语的身份,特征,状态。1.Heisateacher.2.Myideaisthis.3.Thetreesseemgreen.4.heishere.5.Heisoutofdanger.6.Thenewswasexciting./Theywereexcitedatthenews.7.WhatsurprisedmemostwasthathespokeChinesesowell.5.定语（Attribute）：主要用来修饰_________，一般放在被修饰的词_________。1.Thisisaredcar.2.Theb
4、uildingistheirhouse.3.Thewomandoctorismywife.4.Lucy’sfatherisapoorworker5.Theswimmingboyismybrother.6.Theyliveintheroomabove.7.Ihavesomethingtotellyou.8.ThemaninfrontofthegateisMr.Li.6.状语（Adverbial）：修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，说明时间、地点、方式、频率、目的、因果、条件、让步等。1.Tomarrivedyesterday.2.Sheissit
5、tingatthedesk.3.Hecameslowly.4.Johnoftencametochatwithme．5.hedidn’tcomeyesterdaybecausehewasill.6.Shewasill,soshedidn’tgotoschool.7.IfIhavetime,Iwillgotocinemawithyou.8.Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.7.补语（Complement）：是用于补充说明主语或宾语的身份或特征。EveryonecallshimJack.（宾补）HeiscalledJack.
6、（主补）1.IconsiderJimagoodfriend.2.Ialwaysfindherhappy.3.Peoplepraisedhimasahero.4.IhadtheTVfixed.5.Isawhimenteringthebuilding.6.Doyouwantmetogo?8.同位语（Appositive）：是位于名词或代词后面的个别名词或名词词组，对前者进行补充说明。1.Theboy,Tom,ismybrother.2.TheGreatWall,oneofthewondersintheworld,attractsalargenu
7、mberofforeignfriends.世界奇迹之一的长城吸引了大量的外国友人。9.插入语（Parenthesis）：是对一句话做一些附加的解释，通常有tobehonest,Ithink(suppose,believe…)1.Tobehonest,Idon’tquiteagreewithyou.老实说，我不是很同意你。2.Tom,Ithink,isagoodperson.在我看来，Tom是个好人。练习：指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewsp
8、aper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenttothe
