Betty_Azar-Chartbook-A-Reference-Understanding and Using English Grammar

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1、UNDERSTAIiDDg7ANDUSINCIENGTI$..GRAMMARThirdEditionCHARTBOOKAReferenceGrqmmqrBettySchrarnPferAzarIEditorialdirector:AllenAscherExecutiveeditor:LouisaHellegersDevelopmenteditor:JanetJohnstonDirectorofdesignandproduction:RheaBankerAssociatedirectorofelectronicpublishing:AlizaGreenblattManagingedito

2、r:ShelleyHartleElectronicproductioneditors:RachelBaumann,NicoleDawsonAssociateartdirector:CareyDaviesManufacturingmanager:PatriceFraccioProductionmanager:RayKeatingManufacturingbuyer:EdithPullmanIllustrator:DonMartinetti@2000byBettySchrampferAzarPublishedbyPearsonEducation10BankStreet,WhitePlain

3、s,N.Y.10606Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproduced,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica10987654321rsBN0-1,3-154?03-1Z*ffi&:;eecrfo.7s6=j{Odrt-lDa:FACETOTHETHIRDEDITION.......ixACKNOWLEDGMENTS,.......XiC^opterIOVERVIEWOFVERBT

4、ENSESI-1THESIMPLETENSES........II-2THEPROGRESSIVETENSES........2I-3THEPERFECTTENSES..,...31.4THEPERFECTPROGRESSryETENSES...,,.,....3I-5SUMMARYCHARTOFVERBTENSES.......4l-6SPELLINGOF-INGAND-EDFORIvIS.......6Cropter2PRESENTANDPASISIMPLEANDPROGRESSTVE2-ISIMPIJPRESENT.....72-2PRESENTPROGRESSIVE.....7

5、2-3STATIVEVERBS.......82-4AMIISIAREBEING+ADIECTIVE.....92-5REGUI-ARANDIRREGUL.RVERBS.......102-6REGUI-ARVERBS:PRONIINCIATIONOF-EDENDINGS........ll2-7IRREGI-ILARVERBS:ANALPHABETICALLIST..........t22-8TROUBLESOMEVERBS:RAISEIRISE,SET1SIT,L/tytLIE.........t42.9SIMPLEPAST........142-IOPASTPROGRESSI

6、'E........152-I1USINGPROGRESSIVEVERBSXTITHALWAYSTOCOMPI"{IN....,......162-12USINGEXPRESSIONSOFPI-ACEIJTITHPROGRESSIVEVERBS....16Chopter3PERFECTANDPERFECTPROGRESSIVETENSES3.1PRESENTPERFECT......,.,173-2PRESENTPERFECTPROGRESSIVE........183-3PASTPERFECT......193-4PASTPERFECTPROGRESSIVE.....I9Chopt

7、er4FUTURETIME4-rSIMPLEFUTURE:I./IIZANDBEGOINGTO...204-2WILLvs.BEGOINGTO...2l4-3EXPRESSINGTHEFUTUREINTIMECI-AUSES224-4USINGTHEPRESENTPROGRESSIVEANDTHESIMPLEPRESENTTOEXPRESSFUTURETIME.......224-5FUTUREPROGRESSIVE...,.234-6FUTU