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1、定语从句学习难点例析宜城一中英语组陈春香一、如何选用关系代词/关系副词？ 1.Thecity that/which liesinthecenterofHubeiProvincehasalargepopulation.(作主语，指物)Thecity(that/which )youdescribedtomeyesterdayhasalargepopulation.(作宾语，可省略，指物) Thecity where/inwhich Iwasbroughtuphasalargepopulation.(作地点状语)Thecity whose populationisth
2、elargestinChinaliesintheeast.(作定语，指某物的…)2.I’veforgottentheexactday when/onwhich hegavemethefilmcopy.(作时间状语) I’veforgottentheexactday( that/which) hefixedformetohavetheoperation.(作宾语，可省略，指物）3.Thereason( that/which) hegaveuswashardtoaccept.(作宾语，可省略，指物） Thereason why hewaslateforschoolist
3、hathemissedtheearlybus.(作原因状语)选用关系代词还是关系副词，不仅仅要看先行词表示什么意义，更重要的是一定要看先行词在后面的定语从句中充当什么成份。若作主语、宾语、表语就用关系代词（that,which,who,whom,whose,as)。若作时间、地点、原因状语就用关系副词(when,where,why)。二、关系代词that引导定语从句时的“六用，三不用”原则1. 六用原则（1）先行词为everything,anything,nothing,something,all,few,little,much等或先行词被all,every,any,no
4、,little,much修饰时。Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.Youcantakeanybookthatyoulike.（2）先行词为形容词最高级或先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.（3）先行词为序数词或先行词被序数词修饰时。ThisisthefirsttimethatIhaveheardofit.ThelastplacethatwevisitedwastheGreatWall.（4）先行词被theonly,thevery,theright等修饰时。Thisistheverywatc
5、hthatIlosttheotherday.注意:以上（2）（3）（4）若先行词指人，也可用who,whom,但常用that. Youaretheonlypersonthat/whocanhelpme.（5）先行词包括人和物两者时。Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthethingsthattheyrememberedintheschool.（6）当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdo
6、esnotknowthis?42. 三不用原则（1）先行词是-one或-body构成的复合不定代词时，不能用that,而用who或whom.Isthereanybodyelsewhoshouldbeinvited?（2）关系代词前有介词时，不能用that, 而用which或whom.HereisthecaraboutwhichItoldyou.Whoisthemanwithwhomyoujustshookhands?（3）在非限制性定语从句中，不能用that.Ihavelostmypen,whichIlikeverymuch.Ihavetwosisters,whoareb
7、othhighschoolstudents.三、需要弄清楚的几个问题1. 有无并列连词影响句子的结构Hehastwosons, bothofwhom arecollegestudents.Hehastwosons,and bothofthem arecollegestudents.2. 有无定冠词影响定语从句的结构Isthistheboy（ that/whom/who） youwanttotalkto?Isthisboy theone youwanttotalkto?3. 标点符号的形式也影响句子的结构Enteringthe
