1、定语从句典型错误例析 （2） 1. 我给他看了我上周在杭州的照片。 【误】 I showed him the photos I took them in Hangzhou last week. 【正】 I showed him the photos I took in Hangzhou last week. 【析】 关系代词或关系副词既代替先行词，又在定语从句中充当一定的成分。例句为省略了关系代词（that/which）的定语从句，that/which 指代 the photos，在定语从句中充当 took的宾语，故t
2、hem多余，应去掉。 2.那个正在修理汽车的人是我的叔叔。 【误】 The man is mending the car is my uncle. 【正】 The man who/that is mending the car is my uncle. 【析】 关系代词在定语从句中充当主语时不可省略，只有作宾语时才能省略that。本句还可以译为The man mending the car is my uncle.（-ing形式短语mending the car作the man的后置定语。） 3. 这只风筝是你父亲昨天
3、为你扎的吗？ 【误】 Is this kite your father made for you yesterday? 【正】 Is this kite the one (that) your father made for you yesterday? 【析】 若把this看作kite的修饰语，短语this kite为主句的主语，这时我们可以看出主句中缺少表语，即定语从句的先行词，所以应该加上代词the one。如果我们把this看作代词，作句子的主语，那么kite应该为句子的表语，则可以看出先行词kite前缺少定冠词th
4、e。故本句还可改为：Is this the kite (that/which) your father made for you yesterday?4. 她告诉我的就这些。 【误】 This is all which she told me. 【正】 This is all (that) she told me. 【析】 当先行词为all, none, one, any, few, little, everything, anything, nothing等或先行词前有序数词，形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词只能用that。
5、另外，本句还可以译为This is what she told me. 不过此时 what引导的是表语从句，而不是定语从句。 5. 这是我们明天要讨论的问题。 【误】 This is the problem about that we’ll talk tomorrow. 【正】 This is the problem about which we’ll talk tomorrow. 【正】 This is the problem (that/which) we’ll talk about tomorrow. 【析】 “
6、介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词指人时，关系代词用whom；指物时，关系代词用which。另外，有些固定短语如look after, listen to 等，一般也不能将介词提到关系代词之前。 6. 他是今天早晨迟到的学生之一。 【误】 He was one of the students who was late this morning. 【正】 He was one of the students who were late this morning. 【析】 在 “one of+复数名词”结构中，定语从
7、句的先行词是复数名词，故谓语动词应用复数；在 “the only one of+复数名词”的结构中，定语从句的先行词是one，故谓语动词应用单数。如：She is the only one of the students in our class who has ever been to Beijing. 她是我们班唯一去过北京的学生。 7. 我还记得我在北京度过的日子。 【误】 I still remember the days when I spent in Beijing. 【正】 I still remember
8、the days (which/that) I spent in Beijing. 【析】 定语从句中引导词的选择关键词是看先行词在定语从句中充当什么样的成分，或者说定语从句中缺少什么成分。如果从句缺少主语，表语，宾语，则引导词通常为which, that, who, whom, as；如
