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1、JournalofExperimentalPsychology:AppliedCopyright19%bytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation,Inc.19%,Vol.2,No.3,270-2851076-898X/%/$3.00DetectingShortPeriodsofElevatedWorkload:AComparisonofNineWorkloadAssessmentTechniquesWillemB.VerweyandHansA.VeltmanTNOHumanFactorsResearchInstituteThepres
2、entexperimenttestedthemeritsof9commonworkloadassessmenttechniqueswithrelativelyshortperiodsofworkloadinacar-drivingtask.Twelveparticipantsdroveaninstrumentedcarandperformedavisuallyloadingtaskandamentallyloadingtaskfor10,30,and60s.Theresultsshowthat10-speriodsofvisualandmentalworkloadc
3、anbemeasuredsuccessfullywithsubjectiveratingsandsecondarytaskperformance.Withrespecttolongerloadingperiods(30and60s),steeringfrequencywasfoundtobesensitivetovisualworkload,andskinconductanceresponse(SCR)wassensitivetomentalworkload.Theresultsleadtopreliminaryguidelinesthatwillhelpappli
4、edresearcherstodeterminewhichtechniquesarebestsuitedforassessingvisualandmentalworkload.Inrecentyears,majorresearchprogramsinsystemsaccordingtoadriver'sneedsandcapabili-Europe,theUnitedStates,andJapanhaveboostedties(e.g.,Michon,1993).Thisimpliesthatthethedevelopmentofinformationsystems
5、inroadhumanfactorsspecialistshouldhavedetailedtraffic.InEurope,thesesystemsarereferredtoasknowledgeoftheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftransporttelematics,butintheUnitedStatesthetheexistingtechniquesusedforassessingdrivertermintelligenttransportsystems(ITS)ismoreworkload.common.Itisgenera
6、llyexpectedthattransportInareviewofworkloadassessmentmethodolo-telematicapplicationswillchangethenatureofcargies,O'DonnellandEggemeier(1986)proposeddrivingconsiderablyinthenearfuture.Avastfivecriteriaforselectingworkloadassessmentarrayoftelematicssystemsiscurrentlybeingtechniques.Twoma
7、jorcriteriaweresensitivityconsidered.Somewell-knownexamplesareroute(whetherthetechniquediscriminatesbetweenlev-guidancesystems,anticollisionsystems,systemselsofworkload)anddiagnosticity(whethertheformonitoringdriverstatus,andparkingadvicetechniquedistinguishesbetweentypesofwork-syste
