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1、CommunirrondPos!-CommunistSrufiesVol.29,No.4,pp.371-394,1996CopyrightQ1996TheRegentsoftheUniversityofCahfomiaPergamonPublishedbyElwierScienceLtd.PrintedinGreatBritain0967-067X/96$15.00+0.00SO967-067X(%)00014-1TheThoughtofDengXiaopingMariaHsiaChangDepartmen
2、tofPoliticalScience,UniversityofNevada,Rena,NV89557-0060,USAOneoftheabidingcuriositiesinthe20thcenturyhasbeenthesuccessofMarxistrevolutionsinunderdevelopedsocieties.InthecaseofChina,notonlydidMarxism-Leninismprovidelittleassistancetothecommunistpartyonecon
3、omicdevelopment,theproblemwascompoundedbythedisastrousideasofMaoZedongwhich,bythetimeofhisdeath,broughttheeconomytothebrinkofruin.ItwasDengXiaopingwhoprovidedtheideologicalroadmapandlegitimationforthereformandmodernizationoftheChineseeconomy.Byreturningtoc
4、lassicalMarxismsemphasisonproductiveforces,DengmanagedtotransformMarxismintoadevelopmentalnationalistideology.Insodoing,DengpavedthewayforthecurrentresurgenceofnationalisminthePeoplesRepublic.Copyright01996TheRegentsoftheUniversityofCaliforniaAlmosttwodeca
5、dessincetheybegan,theeconomicreformsofDengXiaopinghavetransformedChinaintotheworldsfastestgrowingeconomy.Notwithstandingthereforms,thePeoplesRepublicofChina(PRC)remainsanideocracy-apoliticalsysteminwhichgovernmentislegitimatedbyamonisticideologythatclaimst
6、obeabsoluteandcomprehensive,presumingtoknowaswellasexplainallaspectsofreality.AlthoughtheconditionsinwhichChinafounditselfatthetimeofMaosdeathinspiredtheurgencyofDengsreforms,thepoliticalcharacteroftheregimecompelstheChineseCommunistParty(CCP)toseekdoctrin
7、allegitimation.TheCCPconceivesitsideologytobecomprisedoftwoanalyticallydiscretecomponents:theory(Zilun)andthought(sixiung).TheoryconsistsoftheuniversaltruthsofMarxism-LeninismwhichprovideChinawithitsWeltanschauung.Foritspart,thoughtistheinterpretationandap
8、plicationoftheorytotheprevailingconditionsinChina.Ineffect,thoughtenablesthetranslationoftheoryintospecificpolicy.2ThedesignationbytheChinesecommunistsofapoliticalleadersideasasthoughtisthusamomentousdecision
