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1、ThePlantCell,Vol.23:1685–1699,May2011,www.plantcell.orgã2011AmericanSocietyofPlantBiologists.Allrightsreserved.REVIEWHowCanResearchonPlantsContributetoPromotingHumanHealth?OACathieMartin,a,1EugenioButelli,aKatiaPetroni,bandChiaraTonellibaJohnInnesCentre,Colney,NorwichNR47UH,UnitedKingdombDepartment
2、ofBiomolecularSciencesandBiotechnology,UniversityofMilan,20133Milan,ItalyOneofthemostpressingchallengesforthenext50yearsistoreducetheimpactofchronicdisease.Unhealthyeatingisanincreasingproblemandunderliesmuchoftheincreaseinmortalityfromchronicdiseasesthatisoccurringworldwide.Dietsrichinplant-basedf
3、oodsarestronglyassociatedwithreducedrisksofmajorchronicdiseases,buttheconstituentsinplantsthatpromotehealthhaveproveddifficulttoidentifywithcertainty.This,inturn,hasconfoundedtheprecisionofdietaryrecommendations.Plantbiochemistrycanmakesignificantcontributionstohumanhealththroughtheidentificationandme
4、asurementofthemanymetabolitesinplant-basedfoods,particularlythoseknowntopromotehealth(phytonu-trients).Plantgeneticsandmetabolicengineeringcanbeusedtomakefoodsthatdifferonlyintheircontentofspecificphytonutrients.Suchfoodsofferresearchtoolsthatcanprovidesignificantinsightintowhichmetabolitespromotehea
5、lthandhowtheywork.Plantsciencecanreducesomeofthecomplexityofthediet-healthrelationship,andthroughbuildingmultidisciplinaryinteractionswithresearchersinnutritionandthepathologyofchronicdiseases,plantscientistscancontributenovelinsightintowhichfoodsreducetheriskofchronicdiseaseandhowthesefoodsworktoi
6、mpacthumanhealth.INTRODUCTIONoffood,thatplantsciencecouldcontributesignificantlytoaddressingthisGrandChallenge.ResearchonplantscanleadAmajorchallengeinhumanhealthoverthenext50yearswillbetotheidentificationofthosemetabolitesthatpromotehealthandintheareaofchronic,noncommunicablediseases,includingreduce
7、theriskofchronicdisease.Researchonplantscanalsoheartdisease,manycancers,type2diabetes,andobesity.Inleadtothedevelopmentoftoolstoassaythehealth-promoting2005,achillingreportfromtheWorldHealthOrganizationeffe
