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1、Chapter1IntroductiontoComputersCategoriesofComputersMicrocomputerApersonalcomputer;designedtomeetthecomputerneedsofanindividual.Providesaccesstoawidevarietyofcomputingapplications,suchaswordprocessing,photoediting,e-mail,andinternet.DesktopMicrocomputerAmicrocomputerthatfitsonadeskandrunsonpowe
2、rfromanelectricalwalloutlet.TheCPUcanbehousedineitheraverticalorahorizontalcase.Hasseparatecomponents(keyboard,mouse,etc.)thatareeachpluggedintothecomputer.LaptopComputerAportable,compactcomputerthatcanrunonanelectricalwalloutletorabatteryunit.Allcomponents(keyboard,mouse,etc.)areinonecompactun
3、it.Usuallymoreexpensivethanacomparabledesktop.SometimescalledaNotebook.WorkstationPowerfuldesktopcomputerdesignedforspecializedtasks.Cantackletasksthatrequirealotofprocessingspeed.CanalsobeanordinarypersonalcomputerattachedtoaLAN(localareanetwork).SupercomputerAcomputerthatwasthefastestinthewor
4、ldatthetimeitwasconstructed.Cantackletasksthatwouldnotbepracticalforothercomputers.TypicalusesBreakingcodesModelingweathersystemsMainframeLargeexpensivecomputercapableofsimultaneouslyprocessingdataforhundredsorthousandsofusers.Usedtostore,manage,andprocesslargeamountsofdatathatneedtobereliable,
5、secure,andcentralized.Usuallyhousedinaclosetsizedcabinet.ServerPurposeisto“serve.”Acomputerthathasthepurposeofsupplyingitsuserswithdata;usuallythroughtheuseofaLAN(localareanetwork).HandheldAlsocalledaPDA(PersonalDigitalAssistant).Acomputerthatfitsintoapocket,runsonbatteries,andisusedwhileholdin
6、gtheunitinyourhand.Typicallyusedasanappointmentbook,addressbook,calculator,andnotepad.Canbesynchronizedwithapersonalmicrocomputerasabackup.PersonalComputersApersonalcomputercanperformallofitsinput,processing,output,andstorageactivitiesbyitselfTwopopulararchitecturesarethePCandtheAppleDesktopcom
7、puterMobileComputersandMobileDevicesMobileComputerPersonalcomputeryoucancarryfromplacetoplaceExamplesincludenotebookcomputers,laptopcomputers,netbooks,ultra-thins,andTabletPCsMobileDeviceComputingdevicesmallenoughtoholdinyourhandE
