Overlap intergral factors in intergrated optic modulators and switches

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1、JOURNALOFLIGHTWAVETECHNOLOGY,VOL.7,NO.7,JULY19891063OverlapIntegralFactorsinIntegratedOpticModulatorsandSwitchesAbstract-Coplanarstripandcomplementarycoplanarstripelec-topositionthemclosertothewaveguidecenterratherthantrodesareoftenusedinintegratedopticalswitchesandmodulatorsattheinnered

2、geoftheopticalwaveguide.usingtheopticaldirectionalcoupler.Inthiswork,thefieldanalysisofInthispaper,weconsidertheproblemofoptimizingtheseelectrodesisperformedtodeterminetheoptimumoverlapinte-gralbetweentheopticalfieldandthemodulatingelectromagneticfield.theelectrodespacingandtherelativepo

3、sitionfortheop-Theoptimalplacementoftheelectrodeswithrespecttotheopticalticalchannelwaveguides.Thesimulationisbasedonop-channelwaveguidesispresentedasafunctionofelectrodeswidthandtimum,minimummodesize,wellguidedwaveguidesforspacing.singlemodeoperation[3].Intheanalysisofthemodu-latingelec

4、tricfield,weuseageneralconformalmappingI.INTRODUCTIONfunctionwhichhandlesasymmetricelectrodestructuresaswellassymmetricones.ThegeneralfieldequationsFFICIENCYofanopticalswitch/modulatordependsEcorrespondingtothemappingfunctionarederivedinthisontheelectroopticpropertiesofthesubstrateandonp

5、aperandthefunctionsareextendedtothecaseofaniso-theeffectiveinteractionoftheappliedelectricfieldwithtropicsubstratesaswell.theopticalmodalfield.OpticaldirectionalcouplersareInthesymmetriccoplanarstrip(CS)structureonz-cutusedasopticalswitchesandmodulatorswherepropaga-LiNb03,itisshownthatth

6、emaximumoverlapintegralI'tionconstantsoftwoadjacentwaveguidesarealteredtobetweentheopticalfieldandthemodulatingfieldoccurscontrolthedegreeofmodulation/switchingefficiency.whentheinneredgeoftheelectrodesarealignedwiththatModulation/switchingisaccomplishedthroughtherefrac-ofTi-stripspriort

7、odiffusion.Eveniftherelativeposi-tiveindexchangeoftheelectroopticmaterialinthewave-tionsareshiftedalittlebitfromthatoptimumalignment,guideregionbyapplyinganexternalmodulatingelectrictheoverlapintegralfactorisnotsensitivelyaffected.Infieldandmodifyingthepropagationconstant