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1、SANDWICHSTRUCTURES:PAST,PRESENT,ANDFUTUREJackR.VinsonDepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,UniversityofDelaware,Newark,DE19716,USAAbstractTheuseofsandwichstructurescontinuestoincreaserapidlyforapplicationsrangingfromsatellites,aircraft,ships,automobiles,railcars,windenergysystems,an
2、dbridgeconstructiontomentiononlyafew.Themanyadvantagesofsandwichconstructions,thedevelopmentofnewmaterials,andtheneedforhighperformance,low-weightstructuresinsurethatsandwichconstructionwillcontinuetobeindemand.Theequationsdescribingthebehaviorofsandwichstructuresareusuallycompa
3、tiblewiththeequationsdevelopedforcompositematerialthin-walledstructures,simplybyemployingtheappropriatein-plane,flexural,andtransverseshearstiffnessquantities.Onlyifaveryflexiblecoreisused,isahigherordertheoryneeded.Keywords:sandwichstructures,sandwichhistory,sandwichuses,sandwi
4、chfuture.1.INTRODUCTIONTheuseofsandwichstructurescontinuestoincreaserapidlyforapplicationsrangingfromsatellites,aircraft,ships,automobiles,railcars,windenergysystems,andbridgeconstructiontomentiononlyafew.Themanyadvantagesofsandwichconstrructions,thedevelopmentofnewmaterials,and
5、theneedforhighperformance,low-weightstructuresinsurethatsandwichconstructionwillcontinuetobeindemand.Theequationsdescribingthebehaviorofsandwichstructuresareusuallycompatiblewiththeequationsdevelopedforcompositematerialthin-walledstructures,simplybyemployingtheappropriatein-plan
6、e,flexural,andtransverseshearstiffnessquantities.Onlyifaveryflexiblecoreisused,isahigherordertheoryneeded.Mostoftentherearetwofaces,identicalinmaterial,fiberorientationandthickness,whichprimarilyresistthein-planeandlateral(bending)loads.3O.T.Thomsenetal.(eds),SandwichStructures7
7、:AdvancingwithSandwichStructuresandMaterials,3–12.©2005Springer.PrintedintheNetherlands.4J.R.VinsonHowever,inspecialcasesthefacesmaydifferinthickness,materials,orfiberorientation,oranycombinationoffthesethree.Thismaybeduetothefactthatinuseonefaceisanexternalfacewhiletheotherisan
8、internalfacetheformersandwichisregardedasamid-p
