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1、VATheAmericanAvant-Garde1ClementGreenberg(1909~1994)'TowardsaNewerLaocoon'ThetitlerefersbothtoGottholdLessing'sLaocoon:AnEssayupontheLimitsofPoetryandPainting,of1766(seeArtinTheory1648-1815,IIIA10),andtoIrvingBabbitt'sTheNewLaokoon:AnEssayontheConfusionoft
2、heArts,of1910.Greenbergthusclearlysignalshisconcernwith.along-standingquestioninaesthetics:istheexistenceotlimitsservingtodistinguishbetweenthevariousar.tsalsoa.conditionofthepossibilityofvaluewithinthem?AccordingtoGreenberg'sargument,itisahistoricalchara.
3、cteristicofthemodernartsthateachhashadtodefineitselfintermsofthelimitationsofitspropermedium.AtatimeWhenvociferousclaimswerebeingmadeforthe'Realism'ofvariousformsoffigurativeart,hisaimwasatoneandthesametimetoestablishthequalityofcertainabstractartandtojust
4、ifyabstractionasthefulfilmentofaninexorablehistoricaltendency.(TheissuesraisedherebyGreenbergweretoberevivedandreformulatedtwenty-sevenyearslaterbyMichaelFriedinhis'ArtandObjecthood',VIIA7.)OriginallypublishedinPartisanReview,NewYork,VII,no.4,July-August19
5、40,pp.296-310.Thedogmatismandintransigenceofthe'non-objective'or'abstract'puristsofpaintingtodaycannotbedismissedassymptomsmerelyofacultistattitudetowardsart.PuristsmakeextravagantclaimsfOrart,becauseusuallytheyvalueitmuchmorethananyoneelsedoes.Forthesamer
6、easontheyaremuchmoresolicitousaboutit.Agreatdealofpurismisthetranslationofanextremesolicitude,ananxiousnessastothefateofart,aconcernforitsidentity.Wemustrespectthis.Whenthepuristinsistsuponexcluding'literature'andsubjectmatterfromplasticart,nowandinthefutu
7、re,themostwecanchargehimwithoff-handisanunhistoricalattitude.Itisquiteeasytoshowthatabstractartlikeeveryotherculturalphenomenonreflectsthesocialandothercircum•stancesoftheageinwhichitscreatorslive,andthatthereisnothinginsideartitself,disconnectedfromhistor
8、y,whichcompelsittogoinonedirectionoranother.Butitisnotsoeasytorejectthepurist'sassertionthatthebestofcontemporaryplasticartisabstract.Herethepuristdoesnothavetosupporthispositionwithmetaphysicalpretensions.An
