New Technology for Detecting Enriched Uranium in Cargo

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1、PUBLICINTERESTREPORTSPRING2011NewTechnologyforDetectingEnrichedUraniuminCargoCHRISTOPHERMORRIS*INTRODUCTIONThelikelihoodandconsequencesofayear.AstherehasnotbeensuchaneventinnucleardetonationinamajorU.S.citythe65yearssincetheinventionoftheatomicjustifiesdeployingnewlydevelopedbomb,thelower

2、numberappearsmoretechnologythatcandetectshieldedenrichedcredible.Asimplecostbenefitanalysisbaseduranium(235U)incargoatbordercrossings.onthesenumberssuggeststhatinvestingThedosesforbothradiographyandactivearound$10billionannuallytoeliminatetheinterrogationarecomparedtonaturallikelihoodofat

3、erroristnucleardetonationinabackgroundratesandareshowntobeU.S.cityiswarranted.negligible.AsystemofactiveandpassivechargedparticleradiographytoradiographTherearetwoclassesofnuclearexplosives:allbordertrafficwouldcostapproximatelythermonuclearweaponsthatcomprisethe$6billion.Researchintolowd

4、oseradio-nuclearstockpileofthemajornuclear-armedgraphyanddetectiontechniquesisstates;andatomicweapons,whicharefarwarranted.simplerandlesspowerful,andaretheweaponsoftheminornuclearstates.TheTheterroristattacksonSeptember11,2001,latterposestheterroristnuclearthreatdemonstratedthatsomeextre

5、mistgroupsbecauseofthesimpleandwellknownarewillingandcapableofinflictingmassiveprinciplesoftheiroperation.4deathanddestruction.ThetragicconsequencesoftwojetairlinersflyingintoAnatomicexplosioniscreatedbyinjectingtheWorldTradeCentertowerspalesinfastneutronstoasupercriticalmassofacomparisont

6、othenumberofdeaths,thefissilematerialonarapidtimescale(100sofdirecteconomicdamage,andthedisruptionnanoseconds)sothatthefissionchainoftheworldeconomythatwouldresultfromreactionreleasesalargeamountofenergytheexplosionofevenasmallatomicbeforetheenergyreleasecausestheweaponinamajorurbanarea.su

7、percriticalmassofmaterialstodisassemble.TherequiredmassofmaterialTheexplosionofanatomicbomboverthatsupportsachainreactionislargerthanHiroshimaattheendofWorldWarIIcausedthecriticalmassofabout10kgforabareabout100,000immediatedeaths.1TheU.S.sphereof239Puand52kgfor235U.Theseg