Organizational Trust and the Limits of Management-Based Regulation

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1、865OrganizationalTrustandtheLimitsofManagement-BasedRegulationNeilGunninghamDarrenSinclairThisarticleexaminestherelationshipbetweenmanagement-basedregulationandoccupationalhealthandsafetythroughtwocasestudies.Thefirstde-scribeshowcorporateoccupationalheal

2、thandsafetysystemsandstandardswereinterpretedandimplementeddifferentlyatdifferentminesiteswithinthesamecompanyandexaminestheparticularroleoftrustbetweenworkersandmanagementinexplainingvariationsinoccupationalhealthandsafetyperformance.Thesecondexploresth

3、edifficultiesofmovingfromahighlydevolvedsystemofresponsibilitytoamorecentralizedapproach,andtheincapacityofexternallymandatedmanagement-basedregulationtochangebehavioratsitelevelintheabsenceofasupportiveworkplaceculture.Thearticlearguesthatnotwithstanding

4、theheavyemphasiscurrentlybeingplacedonbothinternal(company-driven)andexternal(government-driven)management-basedregulation,acommitmentatcorporateleveldoesnotnecessarilypercolatedowntoindividualfacilitieswhereritualisticresponsesorresistantsubculturesmayt

5、hwarteffectivechange.Thefindingshaveimpor-tantimplicationsfortheeffectivenessofmanagement-basedregulationandmeta-regulationmorebroadly.Formorethanadecade,privateenterpriseandgovernmentsinNorthAmerica,WesternEurope,andAustralasiahavebeenexperimentingwithan

6、innovativeapproachtostandard-settingvariouslytermedprocess-based,systems-based,ormanagement-basedregulation(Coglianese&Lazar2003;Gunningham&Johnstone1999:Ch.2).Incontrasttotraditionalprescriptivestandards(whichtelldutyholderspreciselywhatmeasurestotake)o

7、rper-formancestandards(whichspecifyoutcomesorthedesiredlevelofperformance),thisapproachinvolvesfirmsdevelopingtheirownprocessandmanagementsystemstandards,anddevelopinginter-nalplanningandmanagementpracticesdesignedtoachievereg-ulatoryorcorporategoals.Such

8、standards,whethertheyareWethankthetwominingcompaniesinvolvedforprovidingaccesstotheirsites,em-ployees,andinternaldata,andtheAustralianResearchCouncilforfundingsupport.Wealsothankourtwoanonymousreviewersforhelpfulcommentson