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1、Dietarysupplementsandfunctionalfoods:2sidesofacoin?1–3CharlesHHalstedABSTRACTDietarysupplementsareusedbymorethanrecognizethetermneutraceutical.Functionalfoods,accordingone-halfoftheadultUSpopulation.Incontrasttopharmaceuti-toZeisel,arenotdietarysupplementsbutrather“areconsumedcals,dietarysupplement
2、smaybesoldintheUnitedStateswithaspartofanormaldietanddeliveroneormoreactiveingredi-littleregulationotherthanlistingofingredientsandthepotentialents(thathavephysiologiceffectsandmayenhancehealth)healthbenefits.Bycontrast,herbalproductsinGermanyarewithinthefoodmatrix”(2).carefullyregulatedbythesamest
3、andardsasdrugs,andeffortsDietarysupplementsareunderwaytostandardizetheirregulationintheentireEuro-peanUnion.MostherbalusersdonotinformtheirphysiciansAmonghis“bedsideteachings,”SirWilliamOslerstated,thattheyaretakingthesesupplements,andmostphysiciansdo“Thedesiretotakemedicinesisonefeaturewhichdistin
4、guishesnotinquire.Althoughsomeherbalproductshaveclinicallyman,theanimal,fromhisfellowcreatures”(3),aviewpointprovenbenefits,itisincreasinglyapparentthatmanycontainrecentlycorroboratedbythefindingofmedicinalherbsinthepotentiallytoxicsubstances,particularlyinrelationtointerac-intestineofthe5300-y-old
5、frozen“iceman”whowasrecentlytionswithdrugs.Hence,itisessentialthatpracticingphysiciansdiscoveredintheSwissAlps(4).Botanicalswithmedicinaldevelopaworkingknowledgeofherbals—specifically,aboutpropertieshavebeenusedfromtimeimmemorialinallculturesclaimsfortheirusageandpotentialorprovenefficaciesandand,w
6、iththeintroductionofingredientassaysandstandardsintoxicities—andthattheyincorporatesuchknowledgeintothetheearly20thcentury,formthefoundationformodernWesternevaluationandmanagementoftheirpatients.Bycontrast,func-pharmacology(5).Ontheotherhand,theconsumptionandmar-tionalfoods—integralcomponentsofthed
7、ietthatareunder-ketvalueofherbsandothernutritionalsupplementshasreachedstoodtocontributeaddedhealthbenefits—arethesubjectofastonishingproportionsintheUnitedStates.Accordingtorecentintenseandwidespreadresear