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1、LectureⅠABriefIntroductiontoAmericanLiterature1.BasicfeaturesofAmericanwritersIndependent,Individualistic,Critical,Innovative,Humorous2.PartITheLiteratureofColonialandAmericanPuritanismThefirstAmericanwriter:CapitanJohnSmith.PhilipFreneau:(FatherofAmericanPoetry)3.PartIITheLi
2、teratureofReasonandRevolution,EnlightenmentJonathanEdwards:FirstmodernAmericanandthecountry’slastmedievalmanBenjaminFranklin:TheAutobiographyThomasPaine:TheAmericanCrisisThomasJefferson(“TheDeclarationofIndependence”firstestablishedtheidentityofAmericanpeople)JohnAdamsandBenj
3、aminFranklin,andJefferson4.PartIIITheLiteratureofRomanticismWashingIrving欧文:Hisfirstbookwas“AHistoryofNewYork”.“TheSketchBook美国信札”madehiminternationalfamousJamesFenimoreCooper:库伯“LeatherstockingTales”,皮袜子故事集aseriesoffivenovelsaboutthefrontierlifeofAmericansettlers.Deerslayer(
4、1843),Pathfinder(1841),LastoftheMohicans(1825),ThePioneer(1823),ThePrairie(1827),EdgarAllanPoe艾伦·坡:Poewassensitiveenoughtofeelthepressureofaworldwherescienceandreasonreignsupreme,andonewherethereisneitherjoy,norlove,norlight,norpeace,norhelpfromGod.“TheRaven”,“Israfel”,“Sonne
5、t—toScience”and“ToHellen”.Hisshortstories:“TheMurdersintheRueMorgue”,“ThePurloinedLetter”,“TheGoldBug”and“TheMysteryofMarieRoget”5.FeaturesofTranscendentalism先验主义A.EmphasisonSpirit(Oversoul)B.EmphasisonindividualsC.TakingnatureasthesymboloftheSpirit(Oversoul)D.Brotherhoodofma
6、n(equalandliberty)RalphWaldoEmerson爱默生:Emersoncreatedtheschooloftranscendentalism.Hisfamousessay“AmericanScholar”establishedtheindependenceofAmericanintellectual.“Nature”HenryDavidThoreau梭罗:Walden瓦尔登湖NathanielHawthorne藿桑Twice-ToldTales;MosesfromanOldManse,ScarletLetter红字;TheH
7、ouseofSevenGables;TheBlithedaleRomance;TheMarbleFaunHermanMelville麦尔维尔:MobyDick大白鲸WaltWhitman惠特曼:leavesofgrass草叶集,songofmyselfEmilyDickinson狄金森6.PartIVTheLiteratureofRealismBeecherStowe斯托夫人:“UncleTom’sCabin汤姆叔叔的小屋”HenryJames詹姆斯andinternationaltheme:ThePortraitofaLady,TheAmbas
8、sadors,TheWingsoftheDoveandTheGoldenBowl,7.Part5:AmericanNaturalismS
