美国文学史复习资料

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1、美国文学史复习1（TheLiteratureofColonial）一、时期综述1、清教徒采用的文学体裁：a、narratives日记b、journals游记2、清教徒在美国的写作内容：1）theirvoyagetothenewland2)Adaptingthemselvestounfamiliarclimatesandcrops3)AboutdealingwithIndians4)Guidetothenewland,endlessbounty,invitationtoboldspirit3、清教徒的思想：1）puritanwanttomakeuppuretheirreligiousbelie

2、fsandpractices净化信仰和行为方式2)Wish torestoresimplicitytochurchandtheauthorityoftheBibletothetheology.重建教堂，提供简单服务，建立神圣地位来源：(http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_5d7e2e330100blsr.html)-美国文学史复习1（colonialism)_苗苗_新浪博客3）lookuponthemselvesaschosenpeople,anditfollowlogicallythatanyonewhochallengedtheirwayoflifeisoppo

3、singGod'swillandisnottobeaccepted.认为自己是上帝选民，对他们的生活有异议就是反对上帝4）puritanoppositiontopleasureandtheartssometimeshasbeenexaggerated.反对对快乐和艺术的追求到了十分荒唐的地步5）religiousteachingtendedtoemphasizetheimageofawrathfulGod.强调上帝严厉的一面，忽视上帝仁慈的一面。TheinfluencesofPuritanismonAmericanliteraturea.OptimismAmericanliteraturei

4、sbasedontheBiblicalmythoftheGardenofEden.ItisingoodmeasurealiteraryexpressionofthepiousidealismoftheAmericanpuritan.ThepuritansdreamedoflivingunderaperfectorderandworkedwithindomitablecourageandconfidenthopetowardbuildinganewGardenofEdeninAmerican,wheremancouldlivethewayheshould.Theylookedeventhewo

5、rstoflifeinthefacewithatremendousamountofoptimism.AllthiswentinduetimeintothemakingofAmericanliterature.TheoptimisticPuritanhasexertedagreatinfluenceonAmericanliterature.b.SymbolismTothepiousPuritan,thephysical,phenomenalworldisnothingbutasymbolofGod.Physicallifewassimultaneouslyspiritual;everypass

6、ageoflife,enmeshedinthevastcontextofGod’splan,possessedadelegatedmeaning.ThismetaphoricalmodeofperceptionwaschieflyinstrumentalincallingintobeingaliterarysymbolismwhichisdistinctlyAmerican.Puritandoctrineandliterarypracticecontributedtothedevelopmentofanindigenoussymbolism.ToHawthorne,Melville,Howe

7、llsandmanyothers,symbolismasatechniquehasbecomeacommonpractice.c.SimplicitySimplicitycharacterizesthePuritanstyleofwriting.Thestyleoftheirwritingisfresh,simpleanddirect;therhetoricisplainandhonest,notwithou