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1、ARTICLEINPRESSProgressinEnergyandCombustionScience34(2008)551–573www.elsevier.com/locate/pecsProgressinbioethanolprocessinga,abMustafaBalat,HavvaBalat,CahideO¨zaSilaScience&EnergyUnlimitedCompany,UniversityMahallesi,61000Trabzon,TurkeybYasikMachineryLimitedCompany,2NoluSanayi,
2、17200Biga,C-anakkale,TurkeyReceived26September2007;accepted30November2007Availableonline28January2008AbstractProductionofethanol(bioethanol)frombiomassisonewaytoreducebothconsumptionofcrudeoilandenvironmentalpollution.Bioethanolisappropriateforthemixedfuelinthegasolineenginebec
3、auseofitshighoctanenumber,anditslowcetanenumberandhighheatofvaporizationimpedeself-ignitioninthedieselengine.So,ignitionimprover,glow-plug,surfaceignition,andpilotinjectionareappliedtopromoteself-ignitionbyusingdiesel-bioethanol-blendedfuel.Disadvantagesofbioethanolincludeitslo
4、werenergydensitythangasoline,itscorrosiveness,lowflameluminosity,lowervaporpressure(makingcoldstartsdifficult),miscibilitywithwater,andtoxicitytoecosystems.Bioethanolcanbeproducedfromcellulosicfeedstocks.Onemajorproblemwithbioethanolproductionistheavailabilityofrawmaterialsforthe
5、production.Theavailabilityoffeedstocksforbioethanolcanvaryconsiderablyfromseasontoseasonanddependsongeographiclocations.Lignocellulosicbiomassisthemostpromisingfeedstockconsideringitsgreatavailabilityandlowcost,butthelarge-scalecommercialproductionoffuelbioethanolfromlignocellu
6、losicmaterialshasstillnotbeenimplemented.Conversiontechnologiesforproducingbioethanolfromcellulosicbiomassresourcessuchasforestmaterials,agriculturalresiduesandurbanwastesareunderdevelopmentandhavenotyetbeendemonstratedcommercially.Fordesigningfuelbioethanolproductionprocesses,
7、assessmentofutilizationofdifferentfeedstocks(i.e.sucrosecontaining,starchymaterials,lignocellulosicbiomass)isrequiredconsideringthebigshareofrawmaterialsinbioethanolcosts.Inthisworkareviewofthebiologicalandthermochemicalmethodsthatcouldbeusedtoproducebioethanolismadeandananalys
8、isofitsglobalproductiontrendsiscarriedout.r2008Elsevie
