《细菌学名》PPT课件

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1、細菌學名疾病？症狀？如何造成疾病？（致病機制）治療？預防？診斷？型態生長特性生化反應血清學反應細菌本身：侵襲性（毒力因素？）；產毒力（毒素？）宿主因素：抵抗力？易感因素？如何感染：途徑？媒介？抗生素？（抗藥性？）；抗毒素？；症狀治療？環境及個人衛生？疫苗？A菌B菌Name(Binomialnomenclature)?Diseases?Symptoms?Pathogenesismechanism?Treatment?Prevention?Diagnosis?MorphologyGrowthpropertie

2、sBiochemicalreactionsSerologicaltestsBacterialvirulencefactors:invasiveness?toxins?Hostfactors:defensemechanism?predisposingfactors?Routeofinfection?Vectors?Antibiotics(drugresistance?);Antitoxins?Supportivetherapy?Sanitation?Vaccination?BacteriumABacteri

3、umBPyogenicCocciStaphylococcusgram-positiveStreptococcusgram-positiveNeisseriagram-negativeStapylococcusandrelatedorganismsS.aureus:majorpathogenforhumans,maycausesuppuration,abscessformation,scaldedskinsyndrome,toxicshocksyndromeandfoodpoisoning.S.epider

4、midis:maycauseinfectionfromprostheticdevices.S.saprophyticus:maycauseurinarytractinfections(UTI)inyoungwomen.S.capitis:endocarditis,UTI,andopportunisticinfections.S.haemolyticus:endocarditis,UTI,andopportunisticinfections.Micrococcusspp.:opportunisticinfe

5、ctions.Stomatococcusmucilaginosa:endocarditis,opportunisticinfections.Alloiococcusotitidis:chronicmiddleearinfection.StaphylococciNonmotile,spores(-).Growreadilyonmostbacteriologicalmedia;facultativeanaerobic.Growmostrapidlyat37oC,butformcarotenoidpigment

6、bestatroomtemperatureunderaerobicconditiononsolidmedium.Producecatalase.Relativelyresistanttodrying,heat(40oC)and10%NaCl.Gram-positivecocci(abunchofgrapes)MorphologyandIdentificationStructureofstaphylococcalcellwallCapsuleNotreadilyseeninvitroAtleast11typ

7、esinS.aureusInhibitingphagocytosisbypolymorphonucleocytesSlimelayerLoose-bound,water-solublefilmFacilitatesbacterialadherencetotissuesorforeignbodiesand,consequently,biofilmformation(importantforthepathogenesisofcoagulase-negativestaphylococci)Peptidoglyc

8、anHasendotoxin-likeactivityinducesproductionofcytokinesactivatescomplementinducesaggregationofpolymorphonucleocytesTeichoicacidsandlipoteichoicacidsBindcovalentlytopeptidoglycan;species-specific;bindtofibronectinofh