Modality, Subjectivity, and Semantic Change A Cross-Linguistic Perspective-[Heiko Narrog]

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1、Modality,Subjectivity,andSemanticChangeACross-LinguisticPerspectiveHEIKONARROG13GreatClarendonStreet,OxfordOX26DPOxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford.ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship,andeducationbypublishingworl

2、dwideinOxfordNewYorkAucklandCapeTownDaresSalaamHongKongKarachiKualaLumpurMadridMelbourneMexicoCityNairobiNewDelhiShanghaiTaipeiTorontoWithofficesinArgentinaAustriaBrazilChileCzechRepublicFranceGreeceGuatemalaHungaryItalyJapanPolandPortugalSingaporeSouthKoreaSwitzerland

3、ThailandTurkeyUkraineVietnamOxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPressintheUKandincertainothercountriesPublishedintheUnitedStatesbyOxfordUniversityPressInc.,NewYork#HeikoNarrog2012ThemoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenassertedDatabaserightOxfordUniversityPress(mak

4、er)Firstpublished2012Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthepriorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,orasexpresslypermittedbylaw,orundertermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprogr

5、aphicsrightsorganization.EnquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethescopeoftheaboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,OxfordUniversityPress,attheaddressaboveYoumustnotcirculatethisbookinanyotherbindingorcoverandyoumustimposethesameconditiononanyacquirerBritishLibraryCata

6、loguinginPublicationDataDataavailableLibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationDataDataavailableTypesetbySPIPublisherServices,Pondicherry,IndiaPrintedinGreatBritainonacid-freepaperbyMPGBooksGroupISBN978–0–19–969437–213579108642ContentsListofAbbreviationsxAcknowledgments

7、xiv1Introduction11.1Thestudyofmodalityandsubjectivity11.2Goalsofthisbook21.3Theoreticalorientation/Principlesoftheapproach32ModalityandSubjectivity52.1Modality52.1.1Definition52.1.2Subcategories82.1.3Modality,mood,andillocution122.2Subjectivityinlanguage132.2.1FromBréa

8、ltoLyons142.2.2Thepragmaticapproach162.2.3Theconceptualistapproach182.2.4Differencesandcommonalities192.2.5Thecognitive-prag