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1、SMARTENERGYSYSTEMSDisaggregatedEnd-UseEnergySensingfortheSmartGridThisarticlesurveysexistingandemergingdisaggregationtechniquesforenergy-consumptiondataandhighlightssignalfeaturesthatmightbeusedtosensedisaggregateddatainaneasilyinstalledandcost-effectivemanner.magin
2、eanenergyfeedbacksystemthatmostimportant,capableofprovidingdisaggre-displaysnotonlytotalpowerconsump-gateddataaboutconsumptionattheindividualtionandcost,butalsosuggestsspe-applianceordevicelevel.Ourteam’scontribu-Icificcost-effectivemeasurestoimprovetionsarefocusedo
3、napproachesforobtainingenergyefficiency.Suchasystemcouldthisdisaggregateddatafromasinglesensingreport,forexample,“Basedonyourenergycon-point.Ourvisionistoprovidehighgranular-sumptionpatterns,youcouldsaveUS$360perityresource-sensingsystemsforhomesandyearbyupgradingto
4、amoreefficientrefrigera-businessesthatwillfundamentallytransformtor,whichwouldpayforitselfafter21months.”howelectricity,water,andnaturalgasareun-Thechallengeinthisscenarioishowtosenseendderstood,studied,andultimatelyconsumed.usesofenergytoprovidefeedbackattheindi-Th
5、isarticlefocusesonelectricalenergy,butvidualdeviceorappliancelevel.Emergingsmartwe’vealsodevelopedsystemsfordisaggregat-meterspromiseatightertem-ingwaterandgasusage(seethe“WaterandporalcouplingbetweenenergyGas”sidebar).AllthreeofoursystemsshareJonFroehlich,EricLarso
6、n,usageandfeedback(downtoacommonapproach:theymonitorsideeffectsSidhantGupta,andGabeCohn15-minutesamplingintervals).ofresourceusagethataremanifestthroughoutUniversityofWashingtonHowever,thefocusstillisonahome’sinternalelectricity,plumbing,orgasMatthewS.Reynoldsaggreg
7、ateconsumption,mak-infrastructure.DukeUniversityingitdifficultforconsumersAlthoughourtechniquesshouldfunctiontoascertainwhichdevicesincommercialandindustrialsectors,we’veShwetakN.Patelorappliancesareresponsibleconcentratedsofaronvalidatingourmeth-UniversityofWashing
8、tonfortheirenergyusage.Disag-odsintheresidentialsector,whichpresentsgregatedend-useenergydatamanychallenges.Inadditiontothesignificantprom
