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1、YULAYOUT8/31/113:53PMPage2CommunicationSystemsforGridIntegrationofRenewableEnergyResourcesF.RichardYu,CarletonUniversityPengZhang,UniversityofConnecticutWeidongXiao,MasdarInstituteofScienceandTechnologyPaulChoudhury,BCHydroAbstractThereisgrowinginterestinrenewableenergyaroundtheworld.Sin
2、cemostrenew-ablesourcesareintermittentinnature,itisachallengingtasktointegraterenew-ableenergyresourcesintothepowergridinfrastructure.Inthisgridintegration,communicationsystemsarecrucialtechnologies,whichenabletheaccommodationofdistributedrenewableenergygenerationandplayanextremelyimport
3、antroleinmonitoring,operating,andprotectingbothrenewableenergygeneratorsandpowersystems.Inthisarticle,wereviewsomecommunicationtechnologiesavail-ableforgridintegrationofrenewableenergyresources.Thenwepresentthecom-municationsystemsusedinarealrenewableenergyproject,BearMountainWindFarminB
4、ritishColumbia,Canada.Inaddition,wepresentthecommunicationsys-temsusedinphotovoltaicpowersystems.Finally,weoutlinesomeresearchchal-lengesandpossiblesolutionsaboutthecommunicationsystemsforgridintegrationofrenewableenergyresources.sconcernsaboutclimatechange,risingfossilfuelprices,andener
5、gysecurityincrease,thereisgrow-inginterestaroundtheworldinrenewableenergyAAresources.Sincemostrenewableenergysourcesareintermittentinnature,itisachallengingtasktointegrateasignificantportionofrenewableenergyresourcesintothepowergridinfrastructure.Traditionalelectricitygridwasdesignedtotr
6、ansmitanddistributeelectricitygeneratedbylargeconventionalpowerplants.Theelectricityflowmainlytakesplaceinonedirectionfromthecentralizedplantstoconsumers.Incontrasttolargepowerplants,renewableener-gyplantshavelesscapacity,andareinstalledinamoredis-tributedmanneratdifferentlocations.Thein
7、tegrationofdistributedrenewableenergygeneratorshasgreatimpactsontheoperationofthegridandcallsfornewgridinfrastructure.Indeed,itisamaindrivertodevelopthesmartgridforinfras-tructuremodernization[1],whichmonitors,protects,andoptimizestheoperationofitsinterconnectedelementsfr
