中国电动汽车可持续发展背景报告 （2011年3月）

《中国电动汽车可持续发展背景报告 （2011年3月）》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。

1、CSD19/2011/BP9UNITEDNATIONSDEPARTMENTOFECONOMICANDSOCIALAFFAIRSCommissiononSustainableDevelopmentNineteenthSessionNewYork,2-13May2011ELECTRICVEHICLESINTHECONTEXTOFSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTINCHINAPreparedbyRobertEarleyLipingKangFengAnandLuciaGreen-WeiskelTheInnovationCenterforEnergyandTr

2、ansportation(iCET)BeijingLosAngelesNewYorkBackgroundPaperNo.9CSD19/2011/BP9CSD19/2011/BP9CONTENTSI.Introduction1II.China’selectricautomotivetechnologydevelopment2A.Batterytechnologydevelopment2B.Electricvehicledevelopment5III.China’spolicysupportforelectrificationoftransport8A.TheMin

3、istryofScienceandTechnologyandthe“863Programme”8B.Bilateralcooperationinelectricvehicledevelopment10IV.Life-cyclerawmaterialassessment,energyuseandGHGemissionsforelectricvehicles11A.ImpactofEVdevelopmentonrawmaterials11B.GHGemissionanalysis12C.CaseStudy:On-roadelectricvehiclesinChina

4、-GHGemissionreductionpotential14D.Primaryenergyfuelextractionandtransport17E.Transmissionanddistributionlosses,chargingefficiencyandbatteryefficiency18V.Conclusionsandrecommendations:Enhancingthesustainabilityofelectricelectricvehicles22A.RegionalizethedevelopmentandpromotionofEVinCh

5、ina23B.Optimizegridandrenewableenergiesfortransportationuses23C.Promotelow-carbonversionofelectrificationtechnologies,especiallyplug-inhybridelectrictechnologies24D.Expandfueleconomystandardstoincludeelectricvehicles24Annex126CaseStudy:BeijingCity–EVinatraffic-constrainedmegacity26An

6、nex227CaseStudy:ShenzhenCity–policyandindustrialtrailblazerforEVinChina27CSD19/2011/BP9ElectricVehiclesintheContextofSustainableDevelopmentinChinaRobertEarley,LipingKang,FengAnandLuciaGreen-WeiskelTheInnovationCenterforEnergyandTransportation(iCET)I.INTRODUCTION1.Chinaisfacinggrowing

7、challengesduetotheexpansionofenergydemand.Thecountry1dependsonimportsforover55percentoftotaloilconsumption.Since2009,China’scoalimportsaregreaterthancoalexports.Asaresult,theChinesegovernmentisfacedwiththeneedtodevelopalternativeenergysystems.Chinaalsoseekstoreducegreenhousegas(GHG)e

8、missionsinev