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1、历史HarvardUniversityisaprivateuniversitylocatedinCambridge,MassachusettsandamemberoftheIvyLeague.Foundedin1636bythecolonialMassachusettslegislature,[2]HarvardistheoldestinstitutionofhigherlearningintheUnitedStatesandcurrentlycomprises由构成tenseparateacademicunits.Itisalsothefirstandoldestcorporationi
2、ntheUnitedStatesInitiallycalled"NewCollege"or"thecollegeatNewTowne",theinstitutionwasrenamedHarvardCollegeonMarch13,1639.ItwasnamedafterJohnHarvard,ayoungclergymanfromtheLondonBorough区ofSouthwarkandalumnusofCambridgeUniversity(afterwhichCambridge,Massachusettsisnamed),whobequeathed馈赠theCollegehisl
3、ibraryoffourhundredbooksand£779(whichwashalfofhisestate),assuringitscontinuedoperation.[7]TheearliestknownofficialreferencetoHarvardasa"university"occursinthenewMassachusettsConstitutionof1780.Duringhis40-yeartenureasHarvardpresident(1869–1909),CharlesWilliamEliotradicallytransformedHarvardintothe
4、patternofthemodernresearchuniversity.Eliot'sreformsincludedelectivecourses,smallclasses,andentranceexaminations.TheHarvardmodelinfluencedAmericaneducationnationally,atbothcollegeandsecondarylevels.Harvardhasthesecond-largestfinancialendowmentofanynon-profitorganization(behindtheBill&MelindaGatesFo
5、undation),standingat$26billionasofSeptember2009学术机构Harvardtodayhasninefaculties,listedbelowinorderoffoundation:·TheFacultyofArtsandSciencesanditssub-faculty,theSchoolofEngineeringandAppliedSciences,whichtogetherserve:oHarvardCollege,theuniversity'sundergraduateportion(1636)oTheGraduateSchoolofArts
6、andSciences(organized1872)oTheHarvardDivisionofContinuingEducation,includingHarvardSummerSchool(1871)andHarvardExtensionSchool(1909).·TheFacultyofMedicine,includingtheMedicalSchool(1782)·TheHarvardSchoolofDentalMedicine(1867).·HarvardDivinitySchool(1816)·HarvardLawSchool(1817)·HarvardBusinessSchoo
7、l(1908)·TheGraduateSchoolofDesign(1914)·TheGraduateSchoolofEducation(1920)·TheSchoolofPublicHealth(1922)·HarvardKennedySchoolofGovernment(1936)In1999,theformerRadcliffeCollegewasreorganizedastheRadcliffeInstitute
