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1、第一篇文章"Boththedevelopmentoftechnologicaltoolsandtheusestowhichhumanityhasputthemhavecreatedmoderncivilizationsinwhichlonelinessiseverincreasing."Technology,broadlydefinedastheuseoftools,hasalonghistory.EversinceErgthecavemanfirstconkedananimalwitharock,peoplehavebeenu
2、singtechnology.Forthousandsofyears,theuseoftoolsallowedpeopletomoveeverclosertogether.Becausefieldscouldbecultivatedandthetechnologytostorefoodexisted,peoplewouldliveincitiesratherthaninsmallnomadictribes.OnlyverylatelyhaveErg'sdescendantscometoquestionthebenefitsoft
3、echnology.TheIndustrialRevolutionintroducedandspreadtechnologiesthatmechanizedmanytasks.Asaresultofthedrivetowardmoreefficientproductionanddistribution(sotheeverlargercitieswouldbesupported),peoplebegantoactascogsinthetechnologicalmachine.Clothingwasnolongerproducedb
4、ygroupsofwomensewingandgossipingtogether,butbydown-troddenautomation'soperatingmachineryingrimfactories.Thebenefitsofthenewtechnologyoftoday,computersandtheinternet,areparticularlyambiguous.Theyhavemadeworkevermoreefficientandknittheworldtogetherinawebofinformationan
5、dphonelines.SomevisionariesspeakofaworldinwhichErgneednotcheckintohisoffice;hecanjustdialinfromhome.Hewon'tneedtogotoabartopickupwomenbecausethereareallthosechatrooms.Hungry?Ergordershisgroceriesfromanonlinedeliveryservice.Bored?Downloadanewgame.Andyet...Manypeople,m
6、yselfincluded,arealittlequeasyaboutthatvision.Ergmaybedoingwork,butisitrealwork?Arehisonlinefriendsrealfriends?Doesanythingcountinaspiritualwayifit'sjustdigital?SincetheIndustrialRevolution,wehavebeenhauntedbytheprospectthatweareturningintoourmachines:efficient,produ
7、ctive,soulless.Thenewesttechnologies,wefear,aremakingusflatasourscreens,turningusintostreamsofbitsofinterchangeabledata.Wemayknowalotofpeople,butwehavefewrealfriends.Wehavealotofthingstodo,butnoreasontodothem.Inshort,thenewtechnologyemphasizesaspiritualcrisisthathasb
8、eenbuildingforquitesometime.AsItrytounravelwhichIbelieveabouttherelativemeritsoftechnology,Ithinkitisinstructivetoremembertechnolog
