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1、AnIntroductiontoStringTheoryandD-braneDynamicsRichardJSzabouImperialCollegePressAnIntroductiontoStringTheoryandD-braneDynamicsThispageisintentionallyleftblankAnIntroductiontoStringTheoryandD-braneDynamicsRichardJSzaboHeriot-WattUniversity,UKImperialCollegePressPublishedbyImperialC
2、ollegePress57SheltonStreetCoventGardenLondonWC2H9HEDistributedbyWorldScientificPublishingCo.Pte.Ltd.5TohTuckLink,Singapore596224USAoffice:27WarrenStreet,Suite401-402,Hackensack,NJ07601UKoffice:57SheltonStreet,CoventGarden,LondonWC2H9HEBritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationDataAc
3、ataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.Firstpublished2004Reprinted2005,2007ANINTRODUCTIONTOSTRINGTHEORYANDD-BRANEDYNAMICSCopyright©2004byImperialCollegePressAllrightsreserved.Thisbook,orpartsthereof,maynotbereproducedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,
4、includingphotocopying,recordingoranyinformationstorageandretrievalsystemnowknownortobeinvented,withoutwrittenpermissionfromthePublisher.Forphotocopyingofmaterialinthisvolume,pleasepayacopyingfeethroughtheCopyrightClearanceCenter,Inc.,222RosewoodDrive,Danvers,MA01923,USA.Inthiscase
5、permissiontophotocopyisnotrequiredfromthepublisher.ISBN-13978-1-86094-427-7ISBN-101-86094-427-2PrintedinSingaporebyWorldScientificPrinters(S)PteLtdtomyDad,foragoodlongreadThispageisintentionallyleftblankPrefaceThesenotescompriseanexpandedversionofthestringtheorylecturesgivenbythea
6、uthoratthe31stand32ndBritishUniversitiesSummerSchoolsonTheoreticalElementaryParticlePhysics(BUSSTEPP)whichwereheld,respectively,inManchester,Englandin2001andinGlasgow,Scotlandin2002,andalsoatthePacificInstitutefortheMathematicalSciencesFrontiersofMathematicalPhysicsSummerSchoolon"
7、Strings,GravityandCosmology"whichwasheldinVancouver,Canadain2003.TheschoolswereattendedmostlybyPh.D.studentsintheoreticalhigh-energyphysicswhohadjustcompletedtheirfirstyearofgraduatestudies.Thelecturesweretherebyappropriatelygearedforthislevel.Nopriorknowledgeofstringtheorywasassu
8、med,butagoodbackgroundinquan•tumf
