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1、SummaryofResearchontheEfficacyofVisionTherapyforSpecificVisualDysfunctionsByJeffreyCooper,M.S.,O.D.ProfessorofClinicalOptometryStateUniversityofNewYork,StateCollegeofOptometryVisiontherapy,likeanyareainahealthprofession,ispracticeddifferentlybyvariousclinicians.Iwillrestrictt
2、hisdiscussiontothemostcommonlypracticedandlargestportionoftheareaofvisiontherapy:treatmentofaccommodativeandvergenceanomalies,includingstrabismus.Thesecategoriesincludethemajorityofpatientstreatedbyoptometristsprovidingvisiontherapyservice.Inaddition,allschoolsofoptometryincl
3、udediagnosisandtreatmentofanomaliesofaccommodationandvergenceintheircurricula.Negativefeedbackcontroltheoryanalysisoftheaccommodativeandvergencesystemsprovidesthebasisoftoday’soptometricvisiontherapy.Thesemodelshaveastrong1-4physiologicalandanatomicalbasis,andhavebeendescribe
4、dinnumerousarticlesand5-7textbooks.Computersimulationsusingcontroltheorydemonstratesthepredictability1,2,5ofboththeaccommodativeandvergencesystems.Defectsinanycomponentofthe8systemmayresultinasthenopia,diplopia,and/orstrabismus.Themostcommoncause4,9ofasthenopiaisrelatedtoinad
5、equateslowvergence.Visiontherapydiffersfromorthopticmodelsinthatcontroltheoryanalysisacknowledgesthedynamicinteractionofaccommodationandvergence,anditsrespectivefeedbackmechanisms.EyeTeaming(Vergence)ProblemsNumerousstudieshaveevaluatedtheeffectivenessofvisiontherapyinelimina
6、tingsymptomsandabnormalobjectivefindingsassociatedwithbinocularanomalies.Onestudyusedrandomdotstereograms(RDSs)inacarefullycontrolleddoubleblind,cross10overexperimentaldesigntodetermineifvergencetrainingimprovedvergenceability.Theresultsoftheexperimentdefinitivelydemonstratet
7、hatthosesubjectswhoreceivedvergencetreatmentimprovedtheirvergenceamplitudeswhilethecontrolgroupdidnot.Inaddition,improvementononevergencetaskgeneralizedtootherrelatedvergencetaskssuchasvectographs,Risleyprism,andstereoscopes.Thesefindingshavebeen11-15replicatedbyotherstudiesu
8、singdifferentinstrumentation.Thesestudies,also,clearlydemonstratetha
