外文翻译CHINA’SNEWROLEINAFRICA

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1、CHINA’SNEWROLEINAFRICAIanTaylorSchoolofInternationalRelations,UniversityofStAndrewsFromChina’sNewRoleinAfrica,publishedbyLynneRiennerPublishersthisyearMaterialandideasbasedonfieldworkandinterviewsIconductedin:Botswana,CapeVerde,Eritrea,EthiopiaTheGambia,Mauritius,NamibiaNigeria,Senegal,

2、SierraLeoneSouthAfrica,Uganda,Zambia,ZimbabweChina(BeijingandHongKong)LondonandWashington,DC.CONTENTSOFBOOK1.CHINA’SAFRICAPOLICYINCONTEXT2.OILDIPLOMACY3.THEIMPACTOFCHEAPCHINESEGOODS4.THEISSUEOFHUMANRIGHTS5.ARMSSALES6.PEACEKEEPINGINAFRICA7.WHATDOESITALLMEAN?OILOildominatestheprofileofAfr

3、ica’sexportstoChina(around70%)China’sdependenceonimportedoilroseto47%ofannualdemand,anincreaseof4.1percentsince2005-expectedtorisetoaround60%by2020FIVEKEYWAYSBEIJINGSEEKSTOLESSENPRESSUREIncreasedenergyconservation(thiswillonlymoderategrowthinconsumption)Fuelswitching—reducingthedependen

4、ceonimportedfuelsbyswitchingtorenewableenergyandcoal,ofwhichChinahaslargedomesticreserves(buttheenvironment…)Increaseindomesticoilproductionbyseekingoutnewresourcesandexploitingexistingonesmoreefficiently(therehavebeennewdiscoverieswithinChinabutnotenoughtosatisfydemand).Beijingencourag

5、esnationaloilcompanies(NOCs)toincreasepurchasesininternationaloilmarketsBeijingfacilitatesacquisitionofoilreservesabroadthrough“sweetenerdeals”withforeigngovernmentsHowever,liberalizationhasresultedinashiftofpowerawayfromBeijingtowardNOCsTheabilitybyBeijingtotelltheNOCswhattodoislimited

6、Question:AreparticularventuresaresultofBeijingdirectinganNOCortheNOCseekingdiplomaticassistanceonceithasidentifiedatargetoilfield?ChinalacksacentralministerialagencyoverseeingtheoilindustryPROBLEM:BeijinghasasyetbeenincapableofenforcingageographicaldivisionoflabouronthemainNOCsResult:co

7、mpetitionandoverlapbetween:ChinaNationalPetroleumCorporation(CNPC)ChinaPetroleum&ChemicalCorporation(Sinopec)ChinaNationalOffshoreOilCompany(CNOOC)ExampleCNPCandChinaPetroleumandChemicalCorporation(Sinopec)competedagainsteachotherforapipelineprojectinSudan.TheNOCsinfactviewonea